Research On History And Culture Of Ancient Sports Competition In Ancient China And Greek

Currently, extensive sports competitions like the Olympic Games, the footballWorld Cup and so are the world’s top event. Well, is there sport competition inancient times?In the historical period before200BC, handed down on sports competitionrecord is extremely limited. The well-known ancient sports competition is GreekOlympic Games, so, is there any sports competition in the ancient Chinese? Thisstudy retrieved88original texts of the pre-Qin period works well as part of the Oracleand Clementi historical data, trying to analyze China’s first sports competition. Inthese historical combing, we find: a total of five projects with some elements of thesports competitions is wrestling, running, driving, Cuju and archery. From our furtherinvestigation found that wrestling is a clear competitive activities, but lessdocumented, and reduced to entertaining to watch; running, there have been a recordof the competition, but soon disappeared in history, and become the need to controlthe physical activity were excluded in addition to the rite. Driving may is a kind ofcontest, but not clearly recorded in the surviving literature; Cuju in clear competitionrules, but the period of late only flourished in the Han Dynasty among the Chineseculture, and failed to enter the tradition; during the Qin Dynasty in China, almost theonly archery can be recognized as a form of sports competition, and great influence insociety was almost pre-Qin philosophers have "shot" exposition. Therefore, webelieve that archery is not only the first Chinese sports competitions, but also therepresention of the ancient Chinese sports competitions.Arrow as early as the age of magic and myth has begun from simple hunting andmilitary purposes, to become a "rite" required in the ritual culture.“Witch shot” givearchery a non-utility function,“myth shoot” make archery elevated to the high levelof people’s attitudes. Ritual culture unique to China "shoot" the expense of practicalactivities such access, completely given a new meaning, and elevated to the highestsocial group activities which affairs of state worship."Zhou Gong" make rite andmusic, worship rituals, become a social and political systems "ritual system","shoot"with the "rite" become a highly social activity–“rite archery”, thereby into the greattradition of the Chinese culture. Zhou’s rite archery is a clear competition, it hascompetitors, referees, competition venues, contest rules and contest results, is atypical sports competition, according to the Chunqiu’s book, the details of ritualarchery contest not only same as the ancient Greek athletics, but also same as today’ssports events. Confucius tries to given the fire ceremony competition more humaneand moral significance. The Confucian "shot" competitive physical activity, improveorder a "gentleman dispute, about to attack instinct" competition-oriented kind ofmoral practice. Qin system after the six countries to give up divert pressed shift todealing with the "competition", and China has long been taken fixation. However, thepurpose of the Qin Dynasty Shooting Ceremony contest, we will be the characteristicsof their culture summed up as "Dehua dispute" which recognizes that "competition"exists, but need to be controlled and guide. Today, we really need to inherit sportsphilosophy. In order to be able to find the characteristics of ancient Chinese sportscompetitions, the ancient Greek athletics as compared to the object. The degree oforganization of the ancient Greek sports competitions is also extremelycomprehensive, and its origins also have extremely close ties with witchcraft andmyths. Inspection olive branch why is worn on the head of the athletes, we found thatthe olive branch symbol of "reproductive magic" to the "vitality" into the culturalbackground. Ancient Greek athletic competition through the pursuit of excellence, theaggressive instinct is the same elevated to the spiritual level. Our study was mainlytargeted at both sports competitions phenomenon, and its historical significance. Digprimitive times, people’s awareness of the concept of social forms background tounderstand the ins and outs of the sports competitions, and interpretation of thehistorical and cultural significance of sports competitions.The sports competition is a specific form of physical activity. Uniquely humanspirit to create the level of competition in this body was spun off from the adversarialconflict, unconscious expression of a unique understanding of the human, social andnatural. Behind in the body of the contest, it declared the confrontation of the"civilized" and "barbaric". It is not only the history of sports competitions, but also theperiod of the history of the evolution of human civilization.The process of Chinese and Western civilization are facing the same problem,namely, how the survival instinct of the animal shaped aggressive instincts,constraints within the scope of the rules in a society, in order to achieve a harmoniousliving together? It is also a society capable of forming a fundamental problem.Otherwise, people like animals attack each other, it is impossible to achievecooperation in order to better survive. Solve this problem that is in the process ofcivilization from the adversarial conflict into a purely competitive and Westerndistinction.China, affected by the kinship clan patriarchal structure, the Qin Dynasty culturalawareness focused on secular ethics and social order. This determines the ancientChinese sports competition, mainly from the angle of cut to ease the aggressiveinstinct, in the face of "competition" and "chaos" when, how aggressive instincts like"Dayu" as to divert; how to contest in the body the impulses learn to be controlled, thebody of the contest promoted to a practice act. What form of sports competitionsflourished in ancient China, ordered a hierarchical social order dependent on thesatisfaction construct. Shooting Ceremony eventually boarded the stage of history,we will be the cultural characteristics of this sports competitions summarized as "fromcompetition to virtue."In ancient Greece, due to its myth of religious consciousness developed itsunique city-state structure, determines the ancient Greek athletic competition cut fromthe perspective of improve people’s aggressive instincts. The incarnation of God asthe perfect person to build a social order structure, that is the main god Zeus in chargeof everything, but to share their power with other gods. Thus, the "justice" to dealwith the fundamental principle of social relations and the security of justice, anyonecan go beyond its natural limitations to the pursuit of the perfect God. Therefore, onlythe esteem to constantly transcend the limits of their own body contests, to grow in the ancient Greek cultural background. Eventually running and other physical forcesboarded the project-based contest the stage of history, we will summarize the culturalcharacteristics of this contest is "from competation to honour"。Both sports competition flourished in the Jaspers’"Axial Age", the initiation ofhuman rationality of the Enlightenment, the self-consciousness of the physical activityitself, people strive rational rather than Shenhuan way, to grasp their own the socialnature of physical activity. The purpose of Historical Survey of physical activity inthe form of two different cultural backgrounds is to dig deeper core elements of sport–competition. And to find out how dose sports cometition shaped the sports andcultural characteristics of different regions.