The Influence Of Exercise Training On Erythrocyte Parameters

Ossification and hematopoiesis are two important processes taking place insidebone. Although the mechanisms of bone and blood formation have traditionally beenviewed as distinct and unrelated, compelling evidence suggests that bone and bloodare two tissues whose fates are intertwined. Adult blood cells develop in the bonemarrow, whose cavity serves as the main site of human hematopoiesis. There existspecific microenvironments or niches, in which hematopoietic stem cells (HSC)reside. These niches are essential for the survival, self-renewal and differentiation ofHSC, as well as to sustain the lifelong process of constant replenishment of maturehematopoietic cells. Osteoblasts-the bone-forming cells derived from mesenchymalstem cells are a crucial component and regulator of the HSC niche. Adipocytes areanother component of the HSC niche.Exercise regulates osteoblast activity and reduceadipocyte number and improves the hematological microenvironments, so mayenhance the HSCs`self-renewal and differentiation. Some kinds of anemia, includingcancer, HIV infection, aplastic anemia, or renal anemia, can not be cured clinicallysatisfactorily. The purpose of our study was to prove that12weeks swimmingexercise can improve the SD rats`bone marrow hematological microenvironmentsand enhance the erythroid progenitors`proliferation ability, so as to providesupportive evidence for exercise as an ajuvant therapy to anemia.After1week`s acclimatization, the16Sprague-Dawley rats,4weeks old, wererandomly assigned to control group and swimming group, each with8rats. Thelight/dark cycle was natural. Drinking water and food were available ad libitum. Allmice were fed with standard commercial rodent diet. The swimming group underwent12weeks progressive swimming program, with90minutes per day,6days per week.At the end of the experiment the rats were sacrificed under urethane, blood was drawnfrom abdominal aorta for regular test, both femurs and the left tibia were removed forbone marrow cell culture and histology analysis.Our results show that12weeks swimming had a significant role on theproliferation ability of the erythrocyte progenitors, with the BFU-E number increasedsignificantly, p<0.05. The osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow MSC wasenhanced in the swimming group than that in the control group, while the adipocytedifferentiation was reduced significantly, with the p value less than0.05, respectively.At the same time, decreased adiposity was observed in the bone marrow of theswimming rats at proximal tibia.In conclusion,although swimming belongs to NWBPA/NIA and duringswimming,the rats are in a state of semi-microgravity and without ground-reactionforces, swimming exercise can greatly promote erythropoiesis and does so throughimprovements in medullary hematological microenvironments. The aim of the present study was to compare the erythrocyte profiles of peripheralblood between male endurance athletes and strength athletes, to provide theoreticalbasis for various anemia`s adjuvant therapy. We chose48male track and field athletesfrom Henan provincial professional sports team. The athletes were divided into twogroups: endurance group and strength group. Blood samples were obtained fromregular examination in which RBC、HB、HCT were analyzed. The results show thatRBC、HB、HCT from endurance athletes are significantly lower than those fromstrength athletes. It was concluded that endurance athletes are more susceptible tolower hemoglobin level in the peripheral blood than strength athletes, probablybecause of different impacts to erythrocytic system induced by exercise training.