Delay And Improvement Of Two Kinds Of Carbohydrate Supplement On Rats’ Estrous Cycle Restrainingt

ObjectiveThe negative energy balance is a key factor caused exercise-induced menstrualdisorder, as is the theoretical foundation of this study. This research tried to explorethe possibility that carbohydrate supplement would delay the time of estrous cyclerestrain and improve the status of estrous cycle restrain in rats under the same exerciseintensity. In addition, the correlation between the energy metabolism index and sexhormones index is to be discussed.MethodDivided72two months old SD rats randomly into eight groups: the blank group(Congroup, the negative control group), amenorrhoea model group(M group, positivecontrol group),6D group(the oligosaccharides in which the energy were30%ofnormal diet added to rats in six weeks’ increasing load exercise),6G group(30%energy of normal diet added to rats by glucose in six weeks’ increasing load exercise),3D group(30%energy of normal diet added to rats by oligosaccharides, keeping onexercising till the end of9weeks),3G group(30%energy of normal diet added torats by glucose, keeping on exercising till the end of9weeks),3U group(normal diet,keeping on exercising, same intensity) and3Q group (normal diet, resting after sixweeks’ increasing load exercise).6D group and6G group are to explore thepossibility of energy supplement whether delay the time of estrous cycle restrain ornot;3D group, the3G group,3U group and3Q group are to explore the differenteffects of different recovery methods to improve the status of estrous cycle restrain.Vaginal exfoliative cytological examination was been done to rats every night tofigure out their estrous cycle conditions. With the reference to Bedford animalexercise load standards,3D group,3G group,3U group had done exercises for nineweeks,3Q group recovered quietly after six weeks; M group,6D group and6G haddone exercises for nine weeks,3weeks behind other groups. One more exercise wasadded to the rats’ last training. Then all rats were put to death after a36hours break,in which the last eight hours without diet; firstly took6-8ml blood from inferior venacava, after separating serum, the gonadotropin releasing hormones(GnRH),follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), corpus luteum erythropoietin (LH), prolactin(PRL), progesterone (P), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), cortex ketone (C), leptin,ghrelin, insulin and3,5,3’-triiodothyronine (T3) were tested; secondly leptin long armreceptor (Ob-Rb), neuropeptide Y (NPY) and the POMC mRNA expression ofhypothalamus were tested; thirdly using immunohistochemical method to test Bax,Bcl-2, P53protein expression of the right ovary.Results1.6G group and6D group compared with Con groupThe body fat, leptin level and IGF-1level of6G and6D groups decreasedsignificantly; The T3level and the ratio of T and C of6D group was decreasedsignificantly to Con group; The NPY mRNA and Bax level of6G group increasedsignificantly to Con group.2.6G group and6D group compared with M groupThe weight gain, leptin, Ob-Rb mRNA, P level of6G and6D groups increasedsignificantly; the ghrelin of6G and6D groups decreased significantly; comparedto Con group, the p53and bax of6Dgroup decreased significantly.3.6G group compared with6D groupThe NPY mRNA level of6G group was less than6D group significant. 4.3D group and3G group compared with Con groupThe weight gain, body fat rate and leptin levels decreased significantly.5.3D group and3G group compared with M groupThe body weight, body fat rate, leptin, T3, IGF-1, Ob-Rb mRNA, GnRH, E2andP level increased significantly. However, the ghrelin, NPY mRNA expression andPRL level decreased significantly.6.3D group and3G group compared with3QThe body weight of3D and3G groups decreased significantly.7.3D group and3G group compared with3U groupThe leptin, T3, IGF-1, E2and P levels of3Dand3G groups increased significantly.However, the NPY mRNA expression of3Dand3G groups decreasedsignificantly.8.3D group compared with3G groupThe IGF-1level of3D group decreased significantly.9. Compared with3D,3G and3Q groups, the recovery time of the oestrous cycle of3U rats prolonged.10. Cumulative contribution rate of Peripheral energy metabolism index and blood Clevel to sex hormones index contributed up to75%. And the leptin and ghrelin, T3effect were higher of energy metabolism index, LH E2, PRL influence were higherin sex hormones.Conclusion1. The carbohydrate supplement to rats during exercise can reduce ghrelin level,while raise the level of leptin, T3level, IGF-1level, by which center energymetabolism condition can be regulated, and the internal sex hormone level beadjusted and the ovarian granulosa cell promoting apoptosis gene expressionreduce accordingly, which improve the reproductive function and delay the timeof estrous cycle restrain in rats consequently. And it is showed that different kindsof carbohydrate supplement have no differences on effect.2. The carbohydrate supplement to rats at the time of estrous cycle restrain canadjust their energy condition in time, improve the central energy metabolismcondition, and adjust the internal sex hormone level and reduce the expression ofpromoting apoptosis gene in ovarian granulosa cell, thereby it can improve thestatus of rats’ estrous cycle restrain; the adjusting of the training programs canalso improve the status of rats’ estrous cycle restrain, although more time isneeded; Quiet Recovery could fast improve the status of rats’ estrous cyclerestrain, while it cause weight-gain rapidly.3. Energy metabolism index and blood C are the key indexes that effect the sexhormone changes, in which the effect of leptin, ghrelin and T3are especially moreobvious.