The Research Of Balanced Development Of Urban And Rural Compulsory Education-on The Perspective Of Finance

The country’s development depends on education. The competition in modernsociety istalent competition,and the training of talent relies on education.Education isthe cradle of the training and the foundation for building a nation.Compulsoryeducation is so important that it is the foundation of the entire national educationsystem. Without the good quality of compulsory education, more advanced educationwill not exist. Compulsory education is the promotion ofsocial development and theimportant means to enhance the international competitiveness of the country.Thecurrent imbalance of urban and rural compulsory education has becomethe constraintof China’s further development. The government’s reports have proposed thebalanced development of nine-year compulsory education for more than onetime.From the perspective of public finance, and on the basis of systematic reviewand analysis ofthe existing theories and practical experience abroad, this papercombines the transformation of the financial system of urban and rural compulsoryeducation, analyzesthe current situation of imbalanced development of urban andrural compulsory education empirically, and finally proposesthe policy framework forthe promotion of the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory educationin our country.The structure of this paper is as follows: Chapter1—Instruction. This chapterdescribes the background and significance of the topic, introduces the main contentand research methods of the paper, defines the basic concepts, and analyses theresearch results at home and abroad. This chapter lays the foundation for the study ofthe full paper.Chapter2--Theoretical analysis of the balanced development of compulsoryeducation. This chapter analyzes the theoretical basis for the balanced development ofcompulsory educationon the aspect of public goods, human capital and newinstitutional economics. Moreover, this chapter defines the attributes of compulsory education and basic financial tasks, clarifies the meaning and significance of balanceddevelopment of compulsory education,and demonstrates the balanced developmentstrategy of China’s Compulsory Education.Chapter3--The transformation of financial system of urban and rural compulsoryeducation. This chapter analyzes the development and evolution of China’sCompulsory Education and its financial system. On each stage of development, thispaperputs focus on the influence offinancial system to urban and rural compulsoryeducation development.Chapter4—The empirical analysis of imbalanced development of urban and ruralcompulsory education—based on national data. This chapter analyzes theperformance of the current imbalanced development of urban and rural compulsoryeducationfrom the aspects of funding, school conditions, teachers and educationalresults. Through mathematical model, this paper analyzes the impact ofcompulsoryeducationalimbalanced development on the income gap between urban and ruralresidents, and finally summarizes the reason for the imbalanced development.Chapter5—The empirical analysis of imbalanced development of urban andrural compulsory education—based on the investigated data of Rizhao. By using theDIY questionnaire in Rizhao, this paper conducts a statistical analysis of thedevelopment of urban and rural compulsory education. Moreover, this paper usesOrdered ProbitModel to estimate the factors affecting the satisfaction of the balanceof urban and rural compulsory education.Chapter6—The practical experience and inspiration of the balanceddevelopment abroad. This chapter puts focus on the practice in the U.S., Japan andKorea. After that, this paper summarizes the reference and inspiration.Chapter7—The policy options which promote the balanced development ofurban and rural compulsory education. According to the current development ofChina’s economic, this paper makes some policy recommendations to provide theeconomic base and institutional guarantee for the balanced development ofcompulsory education in urban and rural areas.Chapter8—Conclusion and outlook. The main innovation of this paper is reflected in the following aspects:1.By using the national panel data between2006and2011, this paper analyzesthe gap between urban and rural compulsory education on funding, school conditions,teachers and educational outcomes. Through the establishment of a data model andusingthe regression equation of urban-rural income gap and education gap, the paperanalyzes the influence of imbalanced education on the income gap between urban andrural residents. In the regression equation, the paperuses the gap of fiscal expenditureon education, the gap between household spending on education, thegap on years ofeducation between urban and rural residents and other indicators to describe theimbalance between rural and urban compulsory education. It also selects the level ofGDP per capita of each region, the proportion of tertiary industry, the level ofurbanization, and the proportion of fiscal expenditure on education as a controlvariable of the regression model. Through regression analysis, the paper indicates thatincome gap is an important reason for the imbalance between urban and ruralcompulsory education.2.Using the DIY questionnaire, this paper surveys1000parents of students inurban and rural areas by random sampling method. Through the investigated data andordered profit model, this paper selects urban and rural schools, parents’ occupation,education level of parents, the education reform evaluation index as a variable for thebalanced development of urban and rural compulsory education satisfactionquantitative analysis.The results indicate that the current development of urban andrural compulsory education is still uneven, yet governments at all levels shouldimprove the situation by further optimization of educational resources.3.This paper also makes research on the financial policies and institutionalreform of promoting the balanced development of urban and rural compulsoryeducation. It is proposed that we should promote urbanizationto decrease the gapbetween urban and rural areas. Moreover, we should improve public financial andcompulsory education system. In addition, we should encourage education donations,issue education lottery, and levy education tax to broaden the financing channels ofcompulsory education. There are also other measures, such as reforming the personnel system of compulsory education and government level, achieving the flattening ofgovernment and financial management, enhancing the assessment of balanceddevelopment of compulsory education, and establishing the early warningmechanism.