The Study On The Factors Influencing Chinese City Residents’ Community Self-governance Behavior

The city community self-governance is the key component of China’s democratic construction at the grass-roots level as well as the significant subject under discussion. For the aim of studying the basic condition and the major characteristics of the current Chinese city residents’community self-governance behavior and probing into the internal causes influencing the majority of community self-governance behaviors, which will provide the basis for our Party, our government and the concerning organizations to lead the urban residents to participate the community self-governance activities actively, the author applies documentation method, questionnaire method, multi-variant statistical analysis method and some other methods.The author surveyed 1794 people from 20 cities of 10 Chinese provinces such as Liaoning Province, Anhui Province and Sichuan Province by virtue of the Questionnaire titled as City Residents’Community Self-governance Behaviors, which is compiled on the basis of the theory of planned behavior, the additional variables of the social capital theory and the personality theory. The formal questionnaire includes the following variables like the attitude towards the community self-governance, the actual control sense of community self-govemance, the community self-governance behaviors, the community social capital, the personality tendency, the cognition of the community self-governance and the demography.The author constructs eight theory models and puts forward fifteen research hypothesis one time with another in order to probe into the level of every factor influencing the community self-governance. Firstly all the survey samples are divided into two groups at random, and the structural equation modeling method is applied to test and verify the data of the first group of 897 subjects. By comparing the model fit and the path coefficient, the author recognizes that the comprehensive model is the ideal one. Then, the comprehensive model is applied to test the validity on basis of the data of the second group of 897 people and it is found to be stable. Besides the full effect of all factors influencing the community self-governance behaviors is comprehensively investigated on basis of the model.The findings are stated as follows. First, the main characteristic of our city residents’ community self-governance behaviors is shown in the low participation rate.45% of the survey samples haven’t taken part in any of the community self-governance activities at all in the last year. However, they basically have right cognition of the connotation of community self-governance and the positive effect resulting from it. The actual control sense of community self-governance is at the middle level.Second, the other factors like the variables of various demography, the inhabitation duration and the property fee except gender all have a significant influence on our urban community self-governance behaviors. They are manifested in the finding that these populations who approach old age, or have low income or have low education level participate the community self-governance activities more; democratic parties take part in the activities more times; inhabitants whose period of resident lasts more than 10 years have a high level of participation; populations who don’t pay fees for their property or pay just 2 to 3.9 RMB per month as their property fees have a low level of participation.Third, among the variables based on the planned behavior theory which positively influence the community self-governance activities, the actual control sense ranks first and plays a key role in the community self-governance, while the social capital ranks second, the personality ranks third and the attitude towards or the cognition of the community self-governance follow closely.Last, according to the data analysis results, some suggestions are put forward to improve the city residents’ community self-governance behaviors——clarify the city community residents’ self-governance developing direction with our government playing a leading role and the residents taking the main part. According to the main variables of the planned behavior theory applied related to the community self-governance behaviors, we should render the residents the self-governance experience shared by those successful communities to advance the sense of efficacy; we promote the healthy growth of our economy and politics to lay a solid base for the community self-governance; we develop greatly the organizations of the community self-governance to elevate the community’s social capital stock; the families, schools and professional practices should join forces to help form the residents’ wonderful personality; we need to apply the positive social lecturing to carry forward the spirit of the community self-governance.