Study On The Function Mechanism Of Village Regulations And Rules In The Rural Management

The research of this paper is based on the thinking of the following facts:first,with the rapid development of China’s economy and social structure changes in acceleration,China’s urban-rural dual structure is still not resolved,but showing increasing differentiation between the adverse situation,"rural decay" highlighted.For China,a big agricultural country,this,ramping up support for rural nursing and inevitable.However,in reality just squeezing by relying on feed and inputs,but this process is very long and is not conducive to the full realization of the basic goal of a well-off society.Second,the Central first document of the beginning of 2004,is a national focus on agriculture,the importance of the issue and promote the importance of rural development initiatives.But apparently dependent on a single country’s supply of inputs and it is difficult to completely solve the country’s construction and development,value and utilization within the rural community of informal institutions as an important complement to national strength has become an inevitable choice.Village regulations as an important component of the informal system,since the beginning of reform and opening up,as the important canonical form of villager’s autonomy and national esteem.However,development encroached on villagers ’ autonomy and improving the role of gradual weakening.Third,part of the country make full use of the role of village regulations,explore new ways of village regulations,village of good governance achieved good results.The futility rule and most of the village,which did not play a complementary role,also did not play its due role in standard.Rural society even if not in a State of chaos and disorder,no big improvement in economic and social development.Considering these two basic social facts,this article looks at the "village rules and mechanism of trying to use normative and empirical research methods,to analyze and explain why can Chinese village rules,how to play the role of relevant theoretical and practical problems.On one hand,from the perspective of academic literature,the study of village regulations and the function is more in-depth and fruitful.However,the mechanism of village regulations and promote rural governance research is still inadequate.After all,this is a new subject for study.The other hand,from a government perspective,on the importance of the rule of law rather than the rule of village governance functions,leading to rural subjects consciously abandoned the rule,let alone effectively connect the propulsion and other systems,resources,so this is a new practice tasks.To this end,the significance of this study is:to explain and defend the "village rules and mechanism of" proposition.This a research from three a aspects started:first,from value level Shang,proposed and argument "encroached is village in the is important of informal system,of Yu village governance has of important role and meaning" of values;second,from development evolution Shang,proposed and argument "encroached" and"village regulations and rules" of difference and and encroached of adaptability and the corresponding of role conditions;third from development direction Shang,proposed and argument "encroached and national method of mutual embedded" and "encroached within into villagers autonomy" Internal and external direction of village regulations and mechanisms.In this regard,this research is expanded into the following seven parts:Chapter one:introduction.Is opening for the paper,one starts from the research on the background and significance,and to clarify the purpose and significance;the second is generally introduces the overall frame and structure,related to the study of thought and research methods,and points out possible points,difficulties and shortcomings.Chapter Two:a literature review and theoretical foundation."Mechanisms of village regulations," examines the two aspects of theory and practice.First,from research,subject classification of domestic and foreign research literature,and so on,has been the rule and mechanism:theoretical review and commentary.Second,after the reform and opening of village regulations and development practices,the central document for the development of the description and systematization of,of village regulations for villagers’ autonomy and village governance practice.Based on the system theory(System types,elements and the change of the system)as a theoretical basis and made in accordance with the rule of internal and external environment are actually national,rural elites and village as the analysis of this theory in three dimensions.Chapter Three:the plight of rural governance and the role of informal institutions.This chapter focuses on the plight of rural governance:one is the official system of supplying and implementing ineffective;second,village-level organizations and village governance function of alienation of the lower third,governance of scarce resources limit the effectiveness of rural governance;four were "atomized" weakening of the villagers and the village collective empowerment.Based on these dilemma,paper proposed:village governance must attention and using village informal system of function and the role,specific performance in:reduced rural economic and social development in the of economic run cost;guide village of value orientation,promoting village social order stable and social harmony;condensed village power,upgrade village social of integration capacity;improve village governance of performance and level to promoting village good rule.Chapter Four:the village rules and role performance and governance in the country.Relationship between village rules and informal system has been a great deal of attention,based on contents,characteristics and forms of village regulations and aspects of development,be considered as informal systems.Through analysis of evolution on the development of village regulations and infonnal institutions to further validate the rule properties.And analyze the rule of village governance functions:regulating behaviors of villagers,shaping village in order guide wind folk village,advocates virtues;optimize village environment,protect the resources at the village level;promoting villagers’participation,strengthening village-level democracy;outstanding cultural heritage,promoting the rule of virtue.Chapter Five:the village rules and environment,the effect of the basis and conditions.A is from economic environment,and political legal environment,and social environment,and culture environment four a macro level analysis encroached role of possibilities;Ⅱis from social based,and effectiveness based,and shaped real based,and relationship based,and authority based five a in the views level analysis encroached role of possibilities;three is from relative independent of space,and village elite of promoted,and village level social organization of development,and rural social credit system of sound,and village resolved institutions and the rules of perfect,and Establishment of disciplinary supervision measures six possibilities of micro-level analysis of the rule.On this basis,put forward:contemporary village rules can adapt to the current village environment and play a role and function of rural governance.Chapter Six:the external mechanisms of village regulations and rules:mutually embedded with national law.This chapter looks at relationships of village regulations and State law,on the analysis of village regulations and State law rules impact each other,the collision of two systems based on the rule of an external mechanism:conflict between village rules and national law,they are embedded,the conflict is the premise and basis of embedding.They absorb,and refactoring each other mutually.Embedding based on national strength and effective combination of local knowledge and reach of embedded control:door cards and checkpoint mechanism,mechanism of rewards and punishments and demonstration,the national policy of "rule",planning in the background and the front to back them up.Chapter Seven:the intrinsic mechanisms of village regulations and rules:internalize the villagers’ autonomy.A is based on village level organization,and village elite and the villagers these behavior subject of angle to analysis encroached village within of function and the role;Ⅱ is from encroached of inner structure and elements of angle specific described encroached of inner role mechanism;three is looks at Yu encroached of accord and the social capital exploration its promoting villagers autonomy of may;four is proposed:encroached can from guide villagers autonomy practice and promoting villagers autonomy system perfect this two aspects upgrade villagers autonomy of level and capacity.