| Since the establishment of the P.R.C,especially after the reform and opening-up,China has developed from a weak power of competitive sports to a great power after 30 years'unremitting efforts and hard work.After Beijing Olympic Games,our country has clearly put forward the strategic mission of "striding forward from large sports country to powerful sports country",which shows our transformation of consciousness on sports value and highlights the transformation from pursuit of extrinsic value to the connotative development and that from focusing on hard power construction to soft power shaping.As the subject of competitive sports.The athlete will not be the only embodiment of "hard power" of competition result in the international arena in future;in order to represent the image of powerful sports country,attention should be paid to comprehensive quality,especially the "soft power" of ideological and ethical standards.Hence,in the construction process of contemporary powerful sports country,how to optimize the ideological and ethical standard of competitive sports talents,give play to the function and effect of ideological and ethical standards and improve the comprehensive quality has become one of the major problems that shall be solved immediately during the "soft power" construction process of powerful sports country.In addition,in the traditional competitive sport management system,cultural education of competitive sports talents and their all-round quality development are neglected and the training mode is single,which is also a direct source for the problem that will be studied in this thesis.For example,in Notification of General Administration of Sport on Inspection of Rectification published on website of Central Commission for Discipline Inspection in 2015,the falsification problems,destroying of sportsmanship and discipline and violation of sports spirit are revealed;it is also emphasized that the political achievement concept focusing on gold medal contorts the sportsmanship;due to the excessive pursuit of sport performance and gold medal amount and the neglect of education,guidance and strict management on athletes,few athletes may strive to obtain good scores by fair means or foul,violate the sportsmanship and even break the national laws and regulations.Hence,we believe that the gold medal thought of competitive sports does not refer to being bent solely on gold medal on narrow level or inducing people to win the "physical" gold medal by hook or by crook;instead it refers to the persistent pursuit of the struggle spirit of constantly striving to become stronger as well as conquering and overcoming oneself and the guidance for competitive sports talents to create excellence on the basis of respecting the subject value of human nature.Striving for gold medal is an important manifestation of competitive sports whose ultimate goal is to realize the subjectivity of human being and fulfill the Olympic spirit.In order to reflect how to return to sportsmanship from pursuit of "gold medal",we should cultivate the"person" with qualified ideological and ethical standards.The cultivation of competitive sports talents includes not only technical ability,tactical training or winning excellent competition results;instead,it also contains the cultivation on correct ideology and attitude of competitive sports talent.After reviewing and sorting the domestic studies on ideological and ethical standard of competitive sports talents,it is clear that certain progress and achievements have been obtained,laying the foundation for the study in this thesis.However,there are many problems to be solved in the studies of ideological and ethical standards of competitive sports talents;for example,the theoretical research on the totality of ideological and ethical standards for competitive sports talents needs to be defined and deepened;there is no systematic elaboration on the structure,function and other prerequisite problems of ideological and ethical standards of competitive sports talents.Hence,in this thesis,the structure and feature of competitive sports talent quality will be studied and mastered as a whole,the function and role of ideological and ethical standards of competitive sports talents will be made clear based on the classification and major components,the existing questions and damages will be presented and cause analysis will be done through the combination of theoretical research and investigation and the optimization measures will be put forward to provide references for ideological and political work of competitive sports talents,promote the cultivation of talents with humanistic spirit and scientific spirit and facilitate the comprehensive,harmonious and sustainable development of competitive sports.Based on the above research background and thinking,this thesis is expounded from four aspects:In the first chapter,the basic theories of ideological and ethical standards of competitive sports is introduced.It is the precondition to clear up the concepts,features,functions and particularities,classifications,structures and components of competitive sports,talent,quality and ideological and ethical standard.We think that(1)the function of competitive sport is to win honor for the country and the region;in particular,it plays a special role in promoting economic construction,political development and cultural development and it has essential distinction with school physical education and social sports;(2)in the qualities of competitive sports talents,physical quality is the major influencing factor for competitive ability,the basis for acquiring excellent performance and the most important and direct factor for competitiveness;(3)psychological quality is the key factor determining whether the athlete can give full play to the optimal "competitive ability";between the high-level athletes,the competition is mainly on psychological quality and the stronger psychological quality can make up for the technical defect to some extent;(4)social cultural quality is the foundation and leading force for personality formation and perfection;through the improvement of social cultural quality,the competitive sports talent can achieve the optimum effect of competitive ability development within the best time period and acquire more opportunities so that they can leisurely face the employment pressure.In chapter two,the function and role of ideological and ethical standards of competitive sports talents are introduced.We think that in the development of comprehensive quality of competitive sports talents,physicological quality is the material basis and the fundamental guarantee for achieving success;moreover,ideological and ethical standard is the soul for the development of competitive sports talents and the internal impetus for the formation and development of other factors.During the training,competition and learning life,competitive sports talents are guided and restrained by ideological and ethical standards consciously or unconsciously.During the growing process,the competitive sports talents may meet with setbacks and difficulties inevitably;with the attic faith and correct value,the athlete can exploit the inherent potential to the hilt,link the training and competition with national future and destiny tightly,solve contradictions and problems scientifically and reasonably,integrate personal ideal realization into construction of powerful sports country and link the personal dream,sports power dream and Chinese dream together.Based on the questionnaire survey and interview results,the function and role of ideological and ethical standards of competitive sports talents are expounded from four aspects,namely guidance function and role,cohesion function and role,education function and role and coordination function and role.In chapter three,existing problems and cause analysis for ideological and ethical standards of competitive sports talents are introduced.We think that the competitive sports talents of our country have acquired splendid achievements in recent years.However,the phenomena of "practicing fraud","violating sportsmanship","striving for gold medal","pursuing for sport performance and gold medal amount" and "acquiring good score by hook or by crook" put forward in Notification of General Administration of Sport on Inspection of Rectification also exist.In this thesis,five major problems are summarized based on the investigation:utilitarianism of value orientation,individual consciousness expansion,violation of moral rules,weak discipline consciousness and cultivation of emphasizing on"technical ability" and ignoring "humanity";moreover,the five damages are expounded,namely reducing competitive sports credibility,hindering improvement of competitiveness,setting a bad example for adolescents,degrading social conduct and restricting sports development;the 6 causes are analyzed based on the problems:distorted interest and value,low moral abnormality cost,weakened humanistic spirit cultivation,influenced by bad western ideological trend and traditional culture,single incentive mechanism and lagged competitive law construction.In chapter four,the countermeasures for optimizing ideological and ethical standards of competitive sports talents are introduced.In terms of how to optimize ideological and ethical standards of competitive sports talents,we think that we should firstly determine the competitive sports value,reverse the value guidance of "sports equaling to competitive sports" and "competitive sports equaling to gold medal",establish the value guidance for sports development,change the political achievement concept of competitive sports and transform the training concept of coaches which is an important link for the comprehensive development of athlete and the improvement of comprehensive quality;secondly,the training concept of competitive sports talents should be updated to improve the "soft power" of competitive sports talents with the improvement of comprehensive quality as the main objective;thirdly,the educational method of competitive sports talents should be innovated,the athletes should be guided to complete self-education and self-mangement,the problem based learning should be used to inspire learning interest,the special function of recessive education should be exerted and humanistic education should be applied to guide athletes to reflect on humanity;fourthly,comprehensive and flexible incentive mechanism for competitive sports talents should be established,the athletes should be guided to set up the correct views on equality,spiritual and material motivations should be combined and rules should be kept strictly for reward and punishment;fifthly,legal construction of competitive sports should be reinforced,the sportsmanship should be risen to law and endowed with the rigidity of system,the legal sense of athletes should be strengthened,law ruling environment should be formed,legal education should be advanced,correct legal consciousness should be formed,law enforcement efforts should be intensified,intensify should be enhanced and ideological and ethical standards and mental shackles of competitive sports talents should be promoted through double administration of "morality" and "law". |
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