Study On The Equity Of Migrant Workers' Children In School

The education of migrant workers' children has always been the focus of attention from all walks of life,and solving their educational problems also presents itself as an answer to the call for educational equity.At the beginning of this century,because of the dual household registration system,the investment mechanism of compulsory education and the cultural differences between urban and rural areas,the problem of "difficult enrollment" of migrant workers' children in urban areas was very prominent.In 2003,after the "two main" policy on the education of the children of immigration population,the problem of "hard to enroll" for migrant workers had been solved gradually,and more and more of them were able to read in public schools in the city.However,the educational equity of the migrant workers' children should not be limited to the guarantee of the basic entrance opportunities,but also the fairness in the school,that is,whether the migrant workers' children are treated fairly in the daily activities of the school,should also be paid attention to.The internal justice of the school has an important influence on the students' learning and life.The research on the educational equity of the migrant workers' children in the urban public schools hasn't been adequately conducted so far,and this study is trying to putting in more efforts in this issue.This paper,using two perspectives of social materialism and social realism,regards the equity of migrant workers' children in school as the social phenomenon formed by the external structure and the interaction of the individuals,and employs the qualitative and quantitative research methods to study various aspects of the problems such as the real state,the difference,as well as the generation mechanism of the internal justice in the children's school,and so on.To be more specific,those problems include the basic status of equity within the school of migrant workers' children,the factors in the external structure shaping the equity of the children in the school,the possible dynamic performance of the migrant workers' children in the structure,and the impact on their internal equity in the structure.The main contents and conclusions of this study are as follows:First of all,through a large scale of questionnaire surveys.Compared to the local students,except the subjective feeling,the scores of migrant workers' children in terms of equal treatment,differential treatment,class management,classroom teaching,and extracurricular activities are significantly lower than those of the city's local students.After controlling the disturbance variables such as academic achievement and grade and character,the results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the total scores of internal equity for migrant workers' children were still significantly lower than those of the local students.It can be said that the children of migrant workers have been treated unfairly within the public schools of the city.Secondly,there are a series of structural factors in the internal equity of migrant workers' children.In the micro structure,some school administrators and teachers marginalize migrant workers' children in school or class out of the pursuit of short-term interests as well as the avoidance of the loss of long-term interests,and the children of migrant workers may be discriminated against by a few teachers and local students.In the mesoscopic structure,because of the "one size fits all" school evaluation system of the District Education Bureau,the school may have an explicit exclusion or recessive exclusion to the children who have moved along.The demand for the source of good academic performers in some secondary vocational schools' has led to the "abandonment" of the migrant workers' children,and the weak family school relationship aggravates the disadvantageous situation of the children.In the macro structure,with the promotion tournament system,the government force schools to ignore the fairness within,and the general discrimination against the migration population under the regional discrimination culture,also has a negative influence on the equity of the migrant workers' children in the school.Thirdly,faced with the negative influence of external structure on the internal fairness of their own schools,the migrant workers' children will boycott nevertheless.By qualitative interviews,it is found that the boycott of migrant children mainly occurs in the public schools in the city,and most of them take negative resistance to the internal structure of the school,including the direct fierce confrontation,the use of the "weapon of the weak",and the escape approach.A small number of migrant workers' children are actively resisting the injustice within schools.They have improved their situation by actively interacting with people and studying hard.At the same time,the path analysis of the structural equation model shows that the resistance of the migrant workers' children to the internal structure of the school may spread outside the school,and has an impact on the macro social structure.The negative resistance of the migrant workers' children to the internal structure of the school is not only unable to change its disadvantageous position,but also may lead to greater dissatisfaction and prejudice in the school administrators,teachers and local residents,and even amplify the discrimination,alienation and exclusion against them.Although actively resisting can improve circumstances of migrant workers' children,but cannot eliminate medium macro and macro structure.Structural factors in the internal equity of migrant workers' children still exist.If migrant students have negative attitude towards the local government and society,it may cause a social crisis.Finally,based on the above findings,it is found that governments at all levels should establish interest compensation mechanisms to make up for the impaired schools and teachers.Urban public schools can carry out multicultural education and eliminate group prejudice against their children.Children of migrant workers need to improve resilience to change their own situation positively.