| The establishment of high-tech industrial development zone (Shortened as high-tech zone hereafter) is an effective system arrangement to improve the strength of science and technology in all countries and regions in the world. After more than 20 years of development and experiences, Chinese national high-tech zones have come to enter the third stage of their development where innovation-driven development strategy is the core, so it is urgent to explore the path to enhancing their innovation capacity. For this reason, aimed at the defects of paying attention to the existing capacity analysis and sequence, despising mechanism and strategies design research in the field of innovation capacity, this paper established a structural model of Chinese national high-tech zones'innovation capacity on the basis of existing researches. Based on the evaluation on Chinese national high-tech zones'innovation capacity, the paper classified Chinese national high-tech zone according to its capacity structure, expound forming path patterns and essential conditions of all kinds of national high-tech zones'innovation capacity, put forward classified guidance measures to improve Chinese national high-tech zones'innovation capacity.Firstly, based on the experiences of domestic and foreign typical high-tech zones' innovative development, drawing on the industrial cluster life-cycle theory and innovation system theory, the paper illustrated the diverse stages and paths of Chinese national high-tech zones innovative developing, put forward four implementation guarantee mechanisms, namely, innovation-driven, cluster development, network coordination and environmental support. Based on the explanation of Chinese national high-tech zones'innovation system structure and its operation mechanisms, referenced FP&S and M&J models of national innovation capacity, the paper established a four-dimensional Chinese national high-tech zones'innovation capacity structure theoretical model centering on organization-running capacity, illuminated the critical factors influencing high-tech zone innovation capacity formation and their interaction relations.Secondly, based on the four-dimensional theoretical model, the paper built up an evaluation index system of Chinese national high-tech zones'innovation capacity, and evaluated the innovation capacity of 53 national high-tech zones in China by using the entropy method. The results show that their innovation capacity is weak, and there exist huge differences; each sub capacity index indicates weakness in the other indicators especially in the capacity of organization operation, except that the environment support capacity is slightly strong. Thus it can be seen, Chinese national high-tech zone has not yet get rid of the traditional development mode of economic growth preferences and dependence on foreign capital introduction, network organization collaborative innovation system is far behind.Thirdly, on the basis of analyzing innovation ability structure characteristics about 17 typical national high-tech zones, abstracted three kinds typical structure patterns of Chinese national high-tech zones innovation capacity, that is the organization-coordinated, environment-supported and industry-driven. Combined with the innovation resources conditions and organizational operation features of three kinds typical national high-tech zones, the paper further matched their innovation development "ability structure" and "formation mode", summarized the formation path patterns and basic conditions of three typical national high-tech zones innovation capacity.Finally, with the combination of the structural characteristics, formation paths and basic conditions of all kinds of national high-tech zones'innovation capacity, this paper summed up the potential advantages and restrictive factors of improving national high-tech zones' innovation capacity, and put forward corresponding measures in order to provide suggestions and references to the decision-makers. |
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