Research On The Evolution Of Innovative Cooperative Behavior In Alliance Portfolios And Innovation Performance Under Network Perspective

Alliance portfolios are the general name of the alliances owned by the enterprises,and regarded as the "self-centered alliance network" of the focus enterprise.With the development of economic globalization,the demand for innovation has reached an unprecedented height.Rapid change in market demand and complex innovation risks make it difficult for single alliance to meet the diversified demand for innovation.Enterprises no longer focus solely on the success of individual alliances,but instead begin to value strategic design and resource allocation across the entire alliance portfolio.Alliance portfolio has become an important form of organization for enterprises to break the limitations of their own resources and capabilities,and to achieve open innovation.As alliance portfolio is a controllable alliance network of the focus enterprise,the innovative cooperation behavior evolution within and between the alliances will lead to the dynamic evolution of the alliance network structure,and the network structure of the alliance portfolios in turn affects the innovative cooperation behavior,and then affects the innovative performance of the focus enterprises.According to the logical thinking,this dissertation put forward the following research questions step by step:(1)How is the cooperative behavior in the alliance network evolved? And how does the dynamic evolution of innovative cooperation behavior affect the formation and conformation of alliance portfolios?(2)What is the impact of alliance portfolios structure on innovative cooperation behavior?(3)How does the embedded nature of alliance portfolios network affect innovation performance?Based on the theory of transaction cost,resource dependence theory,organizational learning theory and social network theory,this dissertation made a qualitative and quantitative study on the above research questions by using theoretical research,evolutionary game and empirical research.The main research work and the conclusions are as follows:(1)According to the nature of the alliance partners,this dissertation constructed the evolutionary game model of the three types of alliance innovation behavior,vertical,horizontal and production and research,and discusses the evolution relationship between the breach of contract penalty mechanism of the alliance contract and cooperation strategy of alliance innovations.The discussion of the condition and the numerical simulation showed that the breach of contract penalty mechanism in the alliance contract is the key factor to the smooth development of the alliance innovation,and whether the mechanism is reasonable depends on the correct evaluation of the innovation cost and benefit of the alliance.The trust between the principal part of the alliance and the market adaptability of the innovative technology has also had an important influence on the ultimate evolution of enterprises alliance innovation behavior to corporative strategy or betrayal strategy.(2)An alliance portfolio is a collection of networks that is not a simple single union,a coalition,or a system or conflicting competing relationship.The complementary or competitive relationship between the alliances has a role in promoting or hindering the growth of alliance portfolios knowledge innovation.Learning from the Lotka-Volterra ecological dynamics model of interspecific resource competition in ecology,this dissertation constructed the model of knowledge innovation growth of alliance portfolios to study the influence on the knowledge innovation growth by complementarity,competition and substitution of knowledge in alliance(also a special competition)the three kinds of competition and cooperation.The results show that in the alliance,the complementarity and competition of the alliance are co-existent,and the complementary knowledge can expand the knowledge stock and diversity of the whole alliance,and the knowledge competition will lead to the waste of resources and the knowledge of the alliance redundancy.However,knowledge competition can stimulate the enthusiasm of innovation,shorten the innovation cycle,the alternative relationship is to achieve the knowledge upgrade,it is necessary to introduce the knowledge competition mechanism in alliance portfolios.(3)Whether the focus enterprises can carry out innovative cooperation between the two alliances to decision-making depends largely on the knowledge of the two coalition competing relationship.This dissertation still used the method of evolutionary game research to analyze the change of innovative cooperation decision between alliances and knowledge competition.In general,if the innovative cooperation between the two alliances was occured,the complementary income between them is at least less than the loss of knowledge competition.The stronger the complementarity,the less intense competition and the closer the knowledge level,the greater the likelihood that the evolution of the two alliance principal parts to the cooperative strategy.(4)The evolution of innovative cooperation behavior within alliances and between alliances is the result of the formation of a unique network configuration of the alliance,which in turn promotes the creative cooperation of enterprises in the alliance portfolios.This dissertation focused on the influence of the four dimensions of network size,structure hole,relationship intensity and relationship diversity on innovative cooperation behavior of alliance portfolios.Through the investigation and statistical analysis of the alliance portfolio situation of 191 enterprises,it shows that expanding the network size,improving the advantages of the enterprise structure and developing the network relationship can promote the enterprises to carry out the innovative cooperation in alliance portfolios.The strong tie in the alliance network can promote the smooth development of innovation within the alliance,and the weak tie can promote the alliance between the innovative cooperation.(5)The strategic orientation of the enterprise guides the construction of alliance portfolios and forms a differentiated alliance portfolio form.This dissertation explored the impact of the embedded nature of the alliance based on different strategic orientations and the embedded characteristics of the enterprise in alliance portfolios.This dissertation also discussed the network embedding nature regulatory effect in different strategic alliance and innovation performance.Through the empirical analysis of the survey data of 191 enterprises,the result shows that the market and technology are two important strategic orientations of alliance portfolios,and the two oriented alliance portfolios have positive effects on improving the innovation performance of the enterprise.Two strategic-oriented balanced development is conducive to the improvement of innovation performance,and too biased towards a strategic orientation will have a negative impact.Relationship embedding plays a positive role in the relationship between the two strategic alliances and the innovation performance,but the embedded structure of the network structure is negative.The research of this dissertation expanded the theoretical discussion on the relationship between alliance composition and innovation from the strategic level,and put forward the management inspiration for how to choose the strategic orientation in the turbulent external environment.The conclusion of the above deepened the research on the dynamic microcosmic aspects of alliance portfolio cooperative innovation.The conclusion had the guiding significance to the enterprise alliance portfolio innovative practice.The research of this dissertation is mainly innovative in the following aspects:(1)From the analysis of the train of thought,this dissertation combined three levels of the research: enterprise,alliance and network.At first,from the enterprise level,studied the dynamic evolution of internal innovation cooperative behavior of the alliance.Moreover,from the alliance level,this dissertation studied the dynamic evolution of knowledge competing relations between alliance and innovative cooperation decision making.Finally,from the network level,this dissertation studied the impact between the alliance network structures on the innovative cooperation behavior and on the innovation performance of enterprises.The multi-levels research approach can not only reveal the mechanism of enterprise alliance portfolios innovation,but also provide a new analytical path for the research of the formation and evolution of the alliance portfolio network.(2)From the analytical perspective of research,this dissertation studied the innovation behavior of enterprises in the alliance portfolio from a dynamic perspective,and found out that the co-evolution of the internal and external innovative cooperation behavior was the cause to change the network structure of alliance portfolios.The network configuration had an impact on the decision-making of innovative cooperation behavior o enterprises in alliance portfolios.The dynamic interaction research deepened the understanding of alliance portfolios and provided a new perspective for understanding the formation and development of the alliance.(3)From the analytical tools of research,based on the evolutionary game theory,this dissertation explored the evolution conditions of innovation cooperative decision-making by constructing the evolutionary game model.At the same time,the ecological network was used to simulate the alliance portfolio system,and the ecological dynamics model was introduced in the study,that undoubtedly provided more analytical tools for the study of alliance portfolios.