| Eliminating poverty,improving people's livelihood and achieving common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism,as well as the historical mission of the Communist Party of China.Since the establishment of People's Republic of China,especially after the policy of reform and opening up,our country continues to vigorously promote poverty alleviation and regional explotation,and has achieved remarkable achievement,meanwhile,forming a way of poverty reduction with Chinese characteristics.China has completed the UN Millennium Development Goals,and makes great contribution to the international poverty reduction career.Among these,the eastern-western poverty reduction collaboration,defined as the eastern developed provinces help the western poor provinces,has been considered as the most effective Chinese way to solve poverty problems.Practice also shows that eastern-western poverty reduction collaboration is conducive to mobilize all social forces to reduce poverty,achieve country-wide effective integration and allocation of poverty reduction resources.Besides,it is conducive to the complementary of western and eastern resources,which can facilitate the co-development of different regions,and gradually narrow the development gap and achieve common development of East and West.Since implemented in 1996,eastern-western poverty reduction collaboration has made great performance,solved the poverty problems pretty well.At the same time,the goal that we should step into well-off society by the end of 2020 was proposed in the report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.However,according to the current data,by the end of 2014,there are 14 contiguous poor areas,128,000 villages in poverty,70.17 million poor persons in countryside(Having pulled 1.442 million people out of poverty in 2015,and 5.575 million people exist in conutryside by the end of 2015,),which are mostly distributed in the underdeveloped central and western regions.Among these areas,Tibet,Gansu,Xinjiang,Guizhou and Yunnan's poverty rate are over 10%.Guizhou,Yunnan,Henan,Guangxi,Hunan and Sichuan's poverty population are larger than 5 million.If in 2020,there are still tens of millions of people living below the poverty line,and there are still contiguous poor areas,then we could not achieve the goal of well-off society.The goal of well-off society in 2020 means that we must reduce the poverty population over 10 million a year,or a million every month during the "Thirteen Five" period.Thus,the most important and difficult part,as well as the most arduous and onerous task of building a moderately prosperous society,is to solve poverty problem.Tackling poverty has come to a stage that cannot be achieved with conventional ideas and methods.As a very Chinese way,the eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation should achieve the poverty reduction war with greater determination,clearer thinking,more accurate measure,and extraordinary efforts.Therefore,under the new historical background,it is very necessary to explore how eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation can be more effective.Therefore,from the perspective of geography,economics,sociology,science and' management,this paper uses normative and empirical research methods,explores the domestic and international anti-poverty theory and practice based on theory-status-empirical framework,and then summarizes the past 20 years' eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation experience and policy evaluation,and explores the eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation mechanism and macro performance.Based on Shanghai-Yunnan poverty reduction practice,this paper explores the influence effects and outcomes of eastern-western poverty reduction practice.Based on the national "poverty precision and"precision poverty" requirements,as well as the Shanghai counterpart assistance practice,explores the new way to improve the eastern-western cooperation effectiveness,in order to raise new economic normality poverty alleviation policies adapted recommendations.This paper is divided into eight chapters.The first chapter introduces the research background,purpose,ideas,methods,significance and innovation of this paper,and define the main variables.The second chapter is the theoretical foundation of this paper,summarizes the basic theories and empirical research of anti-poverty home and abroad,regional economic development,eastern-western poverty reduction collaboration,and performance evaluation,clarify the basis and the starting point of this paper.The third chapter is the review of poverty alleviation and poverty reduction strategies in foreign countries,and then analyzes the process and stage of poverty alleviation in China,describes basic situation and common mechanism of Chinese poverty with isolated-island model,as well as presents the evolving process and main measures of eastern-western poverty reduction collaboration.The fourth chapter explores the economic benefit and dynamic mechanisms of eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation with standardized methods and marginal study method.The fifth chapter explores the general practice and features of Shanghai-Xizang poverty reduction cooperation,which is played as an example to have a deep analysis and discussion on the eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation under the level of province.The sixth chapter is empirical analysis,using AHP method to build the evaluation system of poverty reduction cooperation.The seventh chapter elaborates general thought and main contents of poverty reduction in China in this new era,mainly constructing the overall conception and concrete achieving methods of Chinese poverty with isolated-island model.The eighth chapter is the conclusions and policy recommendations,aiming to summarize the basic contents and important opinion,raising the recommendations to improve eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation,and pointing out the future research directions.The main innovations of this paper include:under the policy of Precise Poverty Alleviation and Precise Poverty Eradication China has proposed,conduct a comprehensive,systemic,deep exploration on the eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation based on normative research and empirical research methods,besides that this research enriches the theory of eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation,expands the research methods for this kind of research,build the performance evaluation system of eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation,and conducted field study of related departments' self and chosen assesment,and has certain level of innovation at the theoretical level,method level,the practice level.Meanwhile,the paper also summarizes the Chinese and foreign Poverty Alleviation and Poverty Reduction Strategies,and inductively analyzes the typical measures,mechanisms of integrating resources and new discovery from the helping strategies of Shanghai-Yunnan poverty reduction cooperation,thus has strong meaning in guidance on policies and practices reference.This paper mainly solves the following four questions.First,the basic definition,characteristics,current situation and general forming mechanism of the poverty with "Isolated-island" model.Second,this paper explores the background and characteristics of eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation,as well as the constraints.Third,this paper provides the method to measure the performance of eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation,and its main analyzed conclusion.Fourth,this paper analyzes the typical eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation case—Shanghai-Yunnan poverty reduction cooperation,points out the main problems and the corresponding solutions.Fifth,this research provides the general idea and realizing methods to reduce poverty directing towards China "Isolated-island" model.Sixth,this paper provides the policy suggestions to improve the performance of eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation.The paper mainly come to the following five conclusions:First one is the difinition of the isolated-island model poverty in China and the correspongding method to reduce poverty.The isolated-island model poverty in China is a chronic poverty with strong features of multidimension and continuity in certain regions,forming shape of plate and spots.The majority of the population subjected to poverty are rural rataining people,the foming mechanism of which includes location,policy and society.The concrete realizing methods comtain:improving the standard of basic living insurance,establishing files and cards and distributing special assistance subsidy.Eco-migration,poverty reduction mechanism without gap and establishing different development mode classifiedly are the concrete realizing methods for isolated-island poverty-striken areasThe second one is the outcomes of eastern-western poverty reduction cooperation:(1)it is beneficial for the total amount of the western region's economic growth,which further reduces the total economic gap between east and helpful;(2)it is conducive to economic growth in the western region to reduce economic growth gap with eastern area;(3)it is beneficial to the overall effectiveness.Third one is the experiences from Shanghai-Yunnan poverty reduction cooperation:(1)conduct at the village level,conduct industrial level helping and social and human resource development initiatives is of vital importance;(2)it is important to integrate resources from the government,market and society;(3)it is effective to conduct individual level wage economy and micro-credit model.Fourth one is empirical effects of helping their counterparts in Yunnan:(1)Shanghai-Yunnan poverty reduction cooperation has significant effect on reducing poverty,improving education level and improving income;(2)the new rural construction,industrial and livelihood assistance helping has significant effect on reducing poverty,improving education levels and income levels,but the effect size varies;(3)financial management and poverty targeting mechanism is beneficial for reducing poverty,improving education levels and incomes.Fifth one is the performance evaluation system,which includes 4 first level indicators of input management,process management,outcome and effect,and social appraisal,composed by 23 secondary indicators.The result of this micro eveluation system on these cases and programs is favorable. |
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