Research On The Development Of Chinese Morpheme In The New Period

Morpheme is a combination of sound and meaning,which is the constituent unit of word.As a material for word formation,morphemes are not directly involved in communication,so they are relatively stable compared to other linguistic symbols,but they are never static.As an independent language unit,the morpheme itself is also a self-contained system,and it is constantly adjusting and perfecting its functions with the development of society.Since the new era,under the background of reform and opening up,China's contacts and exchanges with the international community have become closer and closer.The Internet and information technology have developed rapidly.It can be said that many aspects of society are experiencing rapid changes.Affected by this,the morpheme system in the new period has also undergone some changes,mainly in the two cases of the emergence of new morphemes and the evolution of morpheme meaning.The paper is divided into five chapters.The first chapter is an introduction,including two major parts.The first part combs the related research of "morpheme",including the choice of term name,the definition of morphemes,the classification of morphemes and the lexical meaning relationship.The second part expounds the origin of the topic,the research object and the research method.The second chapter examines the new morphemes in the new era.This chapter is mainly analyzed from the source.From the source,most of the new morphemes are exogenous morphemes from foreign languages,and a few are self-sourced morphemes from common language and dialect.The exogenous morphemes are divided into two categories:transliteration morphemes and derivation morphemes.Most of the transliteration morphemes come from western languages.Derivative morphemes mainly refer to Japanese morphemes and western morphemes.The new morphemes in the common language system are mainly composed of synthetic morphemes,and there are only a few simple morphemes,which are almost always produced and used on the Internet.The dialect morphemes mainly come from the Beijing,Fujian and Guangdong.In general,compared with other stages of modern Chinese,the number of new morphemes in the new era is more and the types are more abundant.The third chapter discusses the development and evolution of morpheme meaning in the new period,focusing on the emergence of new meanings.The development and evolution of morpheme meaning in the new period mainly includes:the enrichment and deepening of meaning,the expansion of meaning,and the increase of meanings,among which the increase of new meaning items is the most prominent.New meanings can be observed from many different perspectives such as nature,source,and derivative methods.In terms of nature,the new meanings include the morphological and non-lexical meanings.As far as the source is concerned,some of the new meanings are self-generated within the common language system,some are borrowed from foreign languages or dialects,and others are generated by the influence of the network.As a product of the information age,the network plays an important role in the generation of new meanings.This is also a remarkable feature of the development and evolution of morpheme meaning in the new period.From the perspective of derivative methods,the ways of derivation are mainly metaphors,metonymy and horizontal mergers.Different methods sometimes work alone and sometimes work together.In addition to the lexical meaning,grammatical semantics and color meaning have also undergone some changes in the new era.In general,due to its own nature and function constraints,the development of morpheme meaning in the new period better reflects the gradual characteristics of language;on the other hand,the evolution of morpheme meaning in this period has shown some self-independence features,such as the addition of new meaning items are more prominent than ever.The fourth chapter examines the evolution of morpheme meaning from the perspective of construction suppression.Extensive participation in word formation is the basic premise of the evolution of morpheme meaning,and a common way of making words widely is creative analogy.Creative analogy not only makes the vocabulary system add a large number of new members,but also with the increase of the members of the word family,the combination of the common morphemes and the scope of expression will have a certain degree of breakthrough,thus creating opportunities for the new meaning of morphemes.However,whether the new meaning can be successfully generated often depends on the suppression of construction in the word formation.Taking the fixed construction as an example,the semantic mode is "prompt feature + thing class".When the word morpheme does not conform to this semantic model in the process of word formation,the construction suppression will play a role,and the morpheme itself will be actively adjusted.Under the joint mechanism of two-way interaction between construction and morpheme,new words can be produced smoothly,and the meaning of morphemes changes accordingly.From the point of view of the object of action,the central configuration is mainly to exert pressure on the central component,and of course,the suppression of the modified component is not excluded.As far as the results of suppression are concerned,some are temporary "pressing clothes",some are"compression";Some are to change the lexical meaning of morphemes,and some not only change the meaning of words,but also change the meaning of grammar.The fifth chapter discusses the intricate connections between morphemes and words,as well as the meaning of words and morphemes.From the source of production,the production of morphemes cannot be separated from words.Of course,words and morphemes are two levels of language units at different levels,and both have their own development trajectories.When new words are produced,new morphemes may not be produced;if old words die,the morphemes may not die.In the development and evolution of meaning,the meaning of words is composed of morphemes.The development of morpheme meaning is inseparable from the meaning of words.The changes of the two are synchronous to some extent;and the differences in their inherent nature and function lead to the evolution of each has its own trajectory,showing a certain degree of non-synchronization.As far as the new period is concerned,with the large number of new words,the morpheme system has also added some new members accordingly.In terms of the evolution of meaning,the main type of morpheme meaning evolution in the new period is the increase of meaning items.Because the development and evolution of word meaning in this period is mainly manifested by the increase of meaning items,the changes of the two are sometimes reflected in a synchronous development relationship.