Marx's Critical Thought Of Modernity And Its Contemporary Value

Modem times began with doubt and reflection,rooted in Renaissance.Compared with Modern times,until 19 century modernity appeared.It is more later than Modern times.Marx is closely related with modernity.Modernity never appeared in his publications,but his theories contained abundantly modernity thoughts.Undoubtedly,on the whole,human beings are still on the road to modernization.Researching from Marx's theories of modernity and contemporary value has theory and realistic significance.Before reach Marx's theories of modernity,we should tease and elucidate modernity etymology,history and connotation.Modernity as features and expression during the modern society development shows all aspects in social society.Modernity refers to politics,economics,cultural,and society.Its connotation show a lot,for example,it is a new modern time,it is a kind of history theory,it is a reflective thinking,it is an institution and it is an enterprise which is not finished until now.Modernity features show out from people praise highly rational spirit and the freedom of subject during capitalism society establishment progress.It is also appeared secularization and disenchantment.It has a solid realistic foundation,a profound theoretical origin and practical questioning,a deep human care for the forming of Marx's critical thought of modernity,The development of Europe modernization and the conflicts in capitalism society provide peculiar politics and society environment as a solid realistic for Marx's theories of modernity.On theory root aspects,Marx modernity thoughts got affection from Europe abundant modernity thoughts.They realized to inherit,criticize and surpass enlightenment.At the same time,they got strong support from Materialism and Dialectics and had the revolutionary changes in the history of philosophy.Therefore,Marx's critical thought of modernity aimed at real social problems and expressed the ideal of human freedom and comprehensive development.Although Marx never promoted modernity,based on history reflective about capitalism culture,Marx elucidated his modernity thoughts specifically and historically.Marx's theories of modernity mainly content two stages which criticize and build.Marx's theories of modernity critical thoughts content theory and practice.Modernity criticize theory mainly included criticize metaphysics,instrument reason and ideology.Marx criticized metaphysics from fundamental principles of metaphysics and modern society.He criticized domineering of metaphysics.He thought it is the reason of abstract rule and alienated condition.He found capital logistics as realistic base to criticize.Even more he put both of them into historicism,his purpose is finding out historical condition and society relations.He criticized instrument reason for pursuing profit maximization and overlook people relations and spirit value.His criticized ideology reflected in he opposed illusory consciousness to the German Ideology.He believed every consciousness came true must followed practice and criticizing of ideology would rise to criticizing of capitalism ideology.Marx's theories of modernity on realistic aspects show about criticizing of capital operation logistic,capitalist production relations and capitalist alienation.Marx's criticizing of capital operation logistic came from supporting on fundamental of capitalism economy.His criticizing was based on merchandise and aimed to capital nature which was added value by itself.He attacked value added through oppressed workers and revealed the historical relations between capital and employers.It sourced from conflicts from capital production mode.It is useful to modern society development.He criticized capital relations those appeared on the progress which were capitalism and colonialism globalization as well as relations of capitalism private ownership.Modern capitalism private ownership is building on class conflict which were based on some people exploited others.It is the last and completed performance for occupied others' labor and products.Marx's criticism of the alienation of capitalism is mainly reflected in the criticism of the alienation of labor products,the alienation of labor itself,and the dissimilation of human beings.Marx revealed the inevitable internal contradictions and problems in capitalist society through the critique of modernity at the theoretical and practical levels.However,he is not only a critical character of modernity,also a rebuilder.Based on the critique of capitalism modernity,it describes the evolution of human social relations in the historical development of human society and reveals the historical logic and realistic path of human emancipation.Through the design of the communist program,it finally realizes human "Freedom of personality" and"comprehensive development" lead to complete independence and liberation,and answers the "target orientation" problem of his modern thought.After Marx,the Western theoretical community did not cease to study and pay attention to Marx's theories of modernity.The emerging schools of the West combined with various problems in Western society inherited and developed the Marx's theories of modernity.The new era has shown new features,interpreting the great practicality and interpretation of Marx's theories of modernity.In many schools of thought,modernity theories of Western Marxism and modernity theories of postmodernism are representative.Modernity theories of Western Marxism are mainly about the reflection,denial and criticism of the living conditions encountered by people in the process of industrialization and modernization of capitalism society.Among them,the theory of alienation,the critical theory of capitalism countries and the critical theory of popular culture reflect Marx's theories of modernity study abandoned the analysis method of Marx's ideology and the limitations of the study of critical theory of popular culture also highlights the defects of its theoretical perspective.The deconstruction of the criticism of modernity in modernity theories of postmodernism,the reinterpretation of capital logic and the criticism of popular culture all reflect the inheritance and development of Marx.Of course,there are still many principle conflicts between its theory and Marx's perspective.Conflicts contain many negative and biased factors in their viewpoints.They all determine that we should adhere to the Marxism attitude of discriminating against critically inheritance,and study its theoretical gains and losses in a realistic manner.Excessive expectations and intentional neglect are not due attitude.Marx's theories of modernity have important historical influence and realistic enlightenment.Its contemporary value is as follow:It is good at promoting the self-reflection and adjustment of capitalist society;helping resolve the contradictions and problems in the development of the world;realizing the goal of free and comprehensive development of human beings.Its practical enlightenment to China's development of modernization is mainly to help explore the road of the modernity of"socialism with Chinese characteristics";to promote the prosperity of socialist culture in the new era;to promote the building of a harmonious China and to strive to build a community of shared future.To sum up,the study of Marx's theories of modernity will inevitably broaden the scope of modernity theories and Marxist theoretical research,which will warn and help solve new problems and contradictions facing the development of the country in the post-modern period,and it will surely have It helps to ensure the sustained and healthy development of China's modernization construction in the new era,thereby realizing the people's free and comprehensive development.