Study On The Operation Dilemma Of China's Public Welfare Post System

Based on the system of public welfare jobs as its research object,this dissertation takes institutional change and path dependence as the theoretical perspective,and offers a comprehensive analysis of the emergence and operation of China's public welfare post system through qualitative research and quantitative research,comparative study,combined with a comprehensive research method.On the basis of clarifying the predicament and its causes in the development of the system,this paper elucidates the essence of the public welfare post system,puts forward the development path of the system in the future,and seeks to provide theoretical reference for promoting the sustainable and benign development of China's public welfare post system.At the beginning of this century,deeply influenced by the economic and political system reform,large number of redundancy accumulated by state-owned enterprises for many years needs resettlement.Meanwhile,the change of national governance model has also further triggered the change and transformation of China's labor employment and Social Security policy.Thus,under the specific social background and historical conditions,by the common role and influence of policy social orientation,stability thinking and path dependence,China's public welfare post system comes into being.At the beginning of its establishment,the public welfare post system placed a large number of policy unemployed persons arising from the reform process of state-owned enterprises.With the gradual establishment and improvement of the market economy system with Chinese characteristics,the public welfare post system has gradually formed a policy system to help the employment of employment-disadvantaged groups through the government's development and purchase of jobs in the field of grass-roots social management and public services.The operations of the system,in addition to market employment,opens up employment channels for people with employment difficulties,effectively alleviates the pressure of social unemployment,better complements the power of social governance and public services,helps to reduce unemployment,and increases social welfare and maintain social stability.Therefore,this paper holds that the public welfare post system is an employment guarantee policy with Chinese characteristics arising from the period of economic and social transformation and transformation,and its essence is a kind of public welfare,transitional and informal employment path.The public welfare post system is a beneficial exploration of China's employment security policy from compensatory welfare thinking to positive welfare transformation,and it is also a means to help the people with employment difficulties to move from dependence on welfare to work welfare.The emergence and development of China's public welfare post system has been there for more than 10 years,has gradually achieved institutionalization,standardization,and has been helping millions of people with difficult employment,effectively eased the employment pressure,played a role in solving the employment problems of difficult groups and supplementing the Public Service force of the dual public welfare.It has also become a unique Chinese characteristic of the way of employment security.However,as a policy arrangement to ensure the employment of difficult groups,the development of public welfare post system,the process of change has the characteristics of compulsion,lag and singularity,and the system is locked into an inefficient locking state due to the original inertia or path dependence,mainly manifested as: there is still a lack of theoretical support and top-level design in the public welfare post system;there are risks and loopholes in the policy system;there is a huge increase in the investment of funds,the administrative cost of management is rising,and the salary treatment of employees is low;and there are some phenomena and problems such as exit mechanism and market employment connection.These problems and contradictions not only bring distress to government departments and grass-roots service platforms,but also lead to psychological imbalance of some public welfare post employees,forming job dependence,and to a certain extent,they have triggered the risk of the operation of the pro bono post system.Therefore,this study carries on the interview and the questionnaire survey to the Public Welfare post Management department,the employing unit,the public welfare post practitioner as the object,understands and grasps the actual operation situation of the public welfare post system in different provinces and cities,emphatically analyzes the problems and bottlenecks faced in the operation of the public welfare post system,and explores the scientific and reasonable solution.For a considerable period of time in the future,in the face of China's still huge employment pressure,as one of the important means of employment security,maintaining the sustainable and high-quality operation of the public welfare post system is still of irreplaceable significance to promote and guarantee the employment of difficult groups.Through the reflection on the predicament and sustainable development in the operation of the public welfare post system,using the theoretical explanation and analysis of institutional change and path dependence,the essence and necessity of the system and the future development trend,absorbing and drawing lessons from foreign countries to actively promote and protect the employment of special groups,this paper puts forward the goal of the transformation of China's public welfare post system,that is,the establishment of a positive "double commonweal" type of pro bono post system.Around the realization of the goal,the transformation of the public welfare post system should adhere to four principles,respectively,based on the development needs of the employment difficulties group,to provide community public service as the starting point,to China's social governance transformation as an opportunity to broaden the funding channels and improve the efficiency of the use of funds as the focus.On the basis of defining the objectives and principles,and then put forward the concrete paths of the construction of the public welfare post system with positive "double commonweal".That is,in the process of constructing the public welfare post system of "double commonweal",we should adhere to the priority mechanism when the "entrance" of the system is to determine the object of help for public welfare posts or the scope of employing personnel,and realize the priority,voluntary priority and suitable priority,and adhere to the overall mechanism at the level of policy formulation and macro management,In the system "export" public welfare post personnel out of the help post to implement the transformation mechanism,to achieve the gradual withdrawal mechanism,post mechanism,market mechanism,the public welfare post system operating funds to implement a multi-financing mechanism.