| Eliminating extreme poverty and achieving gender equality are the common goals of the international community.Both the UN Millennium Development Goals and the Sustainable Development Goals will promote and achieve gender equality as one of its main goals.China is a firm commitment and practitioner of the UN Millennium Development Goals and the Sustainable Development Goals.Since the reform and opening up,through the large-scale development-oriented poverty alleviation work,poverty has been alleviated and the number of poor people has dropped significantly.However,it is necessary to face up to the fact that the problem of rural household poverty has not received sufficient attention.Therefore,strengthening the attention and research on the poverty of rural women in rural areas is of great significance for winning a battle against poverty and building a comprehensive well-off society.China's rural poverty has gradually shifted from homogenized poverty to individual characteristics.Rural women's poverty not only has differences with men's gender,but also women of different ages,women in different regions,and women of different nationalities have differences in poverty.At present,the formulation and implementation of China's poverty alleviation policy has not yet highlighted the above-mentioned individual differences.Gender blindness runs through the whole process of formulation,implementation and evaluation of poverty alleviation policies.It can be seen that although the precise poverty alleviation mechanism has achieved coverage by “households”,but the problem of rural individual female poverty is still not getting the attention.In addition,with the advancement of precision poverty alleviation work,many scholars in the academic circles have realized that income or consumption is no longer the only criterion for measuring poverty.The theory of capacity poverty,multidimensional poverty and dynamic poverty has not only enriched and perfected the theory of poverty.It is also more in line with the nature and connotation of poverty.Amartya Sen's theory of feelings that should pay attention to the viability and subjective welfare of the poor has received wide attention.Based on this,this thesis uses the theory of multidimensional poverty,dynamic poverty theory and gender to try to construct an analytical framework for the formation mechanism of rural female poverty,trying to explain the key factors affecting female poverty and its internal mechanism of action,and combined with China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),based on the “individual perspective”,provides an empirical analysisof the poverty differences of rural women,and hopes to provide a theoretical basis for improving China's poverty alleviation policy.The research content of this paper mainly includes the following parts: The first part specifies the research background and significance of this paper,clarifies the research purpose and research content of this paper,puts forward the research ideas and framework of this paper,and explains the research methods and data used in this paper.Finally,I pointed out the innovations and deficiencies that may exist in this paper.The second part defines the related concepts of rural family women,poverty feminization,multidimensional poverty and poverty dynamics,and expounds the theoretical basis of this article,such as gender theory,poverty theory and feasible ability theory,and sorts out relevant literature to understand domestic Research trends on female poverty.The third part is to construct an analytical framework for the formation mechanism of rural family female poverty.Explain the causes of female poverty from the perspectives of economic,social,institutional,cultural and environmental,and combine the multi-dimensional poverty theory to try to analyze the factors affecting rural women's poverty and its internal mechanism of action.The fourth part constructs the index system of multi-dimensional poverty measurement for rural family women.According to the characteristics of elderly women,adult women and female children in rural families,and the availability of data,the dimensions and indicators of rural women of different ages were selected.For rural elderly women,identify multi-dimensional poverty indicator systems including indicators of basic security,health,spiritual life and social activities;For adult women,determine the multi-dimensional poverty indicator system including indicators of economic,health,humanities,spiritual life,social relations and rights;for women and children,determine nutrition,health,education,life security and individual growth.A multidimensional poverty indicator system with indicators.The fifth part measures the multidimensional poverty and dynamics of rural family women.In the construction of rural multi-dimensional poverty indicator system for rural women,the multi-dimensional poverty of rural women,adult women and female children is measured,and the characteristics of multi-dimensional poverty of rural family women are described in different regions,including the incidence of poverty and the occurrence of multidimensional poverty rate,multi-dimensional poverty index and multi-dimensional indicator contribution rate,and according to the duration of population poverty,the types of rural household female dynamic poverty.The sixth part compares and analyzes the multi-dimensional poverty and dynamics of ruralwomen and men.The differences between multi-dimensional poverty and dynamics of rural women and men,adult women and men,girls and boys were compared,and the characteristics of multi-dimensional poverty and dynamics of rural women and men were described in different regions to find out the gender differences in poverty.In the seventh part,on the measurement of multi-dimensional poverty dynamics,the main factors affecting the multi-dimensional dynamic poverty of different female groups are analyzed for the characteristics of rural women,adult women and female children.Finally,in the analysis of the combination of theory and empirical,it proposes corresponding policy recommendations to alleviate the poverty of rural women.This article attempts to innovate in the following areas:First of all,Studying the multidimensional dynamic poverty of rural population from the perspective of gender contrast.At present,there are many studies on certain groups of poor women,such as elderly women,girls,migrant women,and left-behind women.However,the literature on comparative analysis of female and male multidimensional dynamic poverty has not been found,and it is difficult to find the gender differences of the poor.Therefore,this paper compares and analyzes the multidimensional poverty and dynamics of elderly women and male,adult female and male,female children and male children in rural families,in order to find out the gender differences in poverty.Second,based on the “individual perspective”,the index system for multi-dimensional poverty measurement of rural family women is constructed.At present,most of the research is based on the "family perspective" to build a multi-dimensional poverty measurement index system,which masks the real situation of individuals under family relations,and it is difficult to scientifically and reasonably reflect the state of the poor population,and cannot solve the problem of individual poverty.Therefore,based on the "individual perspective" and the characteristics of rural family women,this paper selects the corresponding dimensions and indicators to construct an indicator system for female multidimensional poverty measurement.Third,try to construct an analysis framework for the formation of rural female poverty.In the past,the research on the formation mechanism of female poverty did not form a holistic framework.It explained the causes of poverty based on a certain angle and revealed one or several aspects of the formation mechanism of female poverty.However,female poverty is a systemic problem.Especially in the perspective of multidimensional poverty and feasible ability theory,the formation mechanism offemale poverty is more complicated.From a single perspective,we cannot systematically explain its internal mechanism,and it is easier to The problem forms a different point of view.Therefore,based on the relevant classic literature,this paper attempts to construct an analytical framework for the formation mechanism of rural women's poverty,in order to comprehensively analyze the important factors that may affect female poverty and its internal mechanism of action. |
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