Research On Public Service Capability Of Township Governments Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization Strategy

In China,With the sustainable development of rural society and the improvement of people's living standards,the peasants' needs for public service is upgrading continuously.However,the backward rural basic public service system is unable to meet the peasants' growing urgent needs for public services.Since the 19 th National Congress of the CPC,the Rural Revitalization Strategy regards "industrial prosperity,ecological livability,rural culture,effective governance and prosperity of life" as the strategic goal of agriculture and the rural' further development.At the same time,it has also put forward a series of new goals and requirements for the construction of rural basic public service system,and has promoted the understanding of rural basic public services to a new level.Township government located the key node in the interaction between the state and rural society,which plays an important role as connection between the government and peasants.As a planner,coordinator and practitioner in the construction of rural public service supply system,the township government is not only responsible for the implementation of specific rural public service policies,but also decides the development direction of rural public service supply.Under the background of the Rural Revitalization Strategy,it is of great significance to Transform the functions of township government,strengthen the construction of township government's service capacity and build service-oriented township government for the perfection of the rural public service system,the improvement of rural public service supply level,the promotion of rural grass-roots governance modernization,and even the successful implementation of rural revitalization and the all-round revitalization of agriculture and the rural.Until now,the township government's service ability is insufficient,the structural imbalance of service content,the disconnection between service supply and demand,the single mode of service supply and the lagging service efficiency have become obstacles to the successful implementation of the rural revitalization.In view of this,by the methods of literature research,empirical research and comparative research,this paper observes the internal relationship between the township government's service ability and the Rural Revitalization Strategy,analyses systematically the structure of township government's service ability and the interaction mechanism between township government service capability's internal/external structures and its constituent elements.Then,under the background of the Rural Revitalization Strategy,this paper investigates the current situation of township government's service capacity and then analyses the reasons for the weak capacity of township government's service from different perspectives,At last,this paper draws lessons from experience of the government reform at home and abroad and puts forward some practical solutions for improving township government's service abilityThis paper mainly consists of three parts:The first part is the introduction,which mainly explains the research background and significance,research status at home and abroad,content arrangement,the frame structure,research methods,innovation and shortcomings of the topic.The second part is the main part of the article,which consists of five chapters.In chapter 1,a series of related concepts,such as government,township government,public service and township government's service capacity are examined in detail.based on the proposal of the Rural Revitalization Strategy and the historical origin,realistic basis and significance of rural revitalization,this part makes a comprehensive investigation of the problems and challenges faced by the rural development in the new era and new contradictions.Then,this paper expounds Market Failure Theory and Government Failure Theory,Theory of Separation of Public Goods Provision and Production,Governance Theory and Good Governance Theory,which are related to the service ability of township government.By analyzing the requirements for the construction of rural public service system in various policy texts under the background of rural revitalization,Chapter 2 defines clearly the contents and objectives of the construction of rural basic public service system,and discusses the significance of strengthening the service capacity construction of township government for Rural Revitalization.In Chapter 2,Based on the logical relationship between "constituent element-internal structure-external structure",the Chapter2 analyses systematically township government's service capability's internal/external structures,the constituent elements of township government's service ability and the interaction mechanism between township government service capability's internal/external structures and its constituent elements.Guided by the relevant objectives and concepts of the Rural Revitalization strategy,We designs a set of evaluation index system of township government's service capacity,In Chapter 3,We measures the specific performance of township government's service capacity in different service areas from three aspects: service demand,satisfaction and public service supply process.And then,Chapter 3 makes a systematic analysis of the problems such as the public service supply's insufficient both in quality and quantity and structural disequilibrium in the township government's service supply.In consideration of the predicament of the current township government's service capacity,We come to the conclusion that some reasons should be responsible for the weakness of township government's service capability.In Chapter 4,Compared with the practice of different regions in China and based on the results of empirical analysis,We discusses the attempts and efforts made by the township governments in terms of public service intensification,marketization,democratization,informatization in detail,and then based on the perspective of comparative study,takes some western developed countries for example,systematically examines the practical innovations of western developed countries in the fields of marketization,decentralization and socialization of public services from three dimensions: decentralization of government to market,grass-roots government and society.In Chapter 5,guided by some development concepts requirement and basic principle in the rural revitalization strategy,puts forward some improvement measures to improve the township government's service ability.The third part is the conclusion,which summarizes the main research contents of this paper in general.The major viewpoints the thesis presented are as follow:Firstly,the township government's service capacity can be divided from internal and external structure.The internal structure refers to the power resources,financial resources,human resources and information resources.The explicit structure is shown in two aspects: from the perspective of service content,it includes the medical and health service ability,social security service ability,environmental protection service ability,cultural and educational service ability,environmental protection service ability,infrastructure service ability and public safety service ability.From the perspective of service process,it includes the ability of public opinion aggregation and screening,the ability of resource absorbency and distribution,the ability of public decision-making and implementation,the ability of supervision,accountability and evaluation,and the ability of response to public opinion appeal.Secondly,the factors affecting the service ability of township government include four aspects: systematic factors,institutional factors,subjective factors and strategic factors.The formation of the township government's service capacity is the process of transforming the potential power resources,financial resources,human resources,information resources etc into the township government's various explicit service capabilities by means of the organic combination and joint action of the systematic elements,institutional elements,subjective elements and strategic elements.Thirdly,by analyzing township government's service capability level,we can draw conclusions as follows: from the perspective of service content,the people are most concerned about the health and medical conditions,old-age security services,public health security and sewage treatment but the township government's service ability is poor in those areas;the township government performed well in the field of road traffic,basic education and cooperative medical insurance which the people are concerned about very much.In the fields of water and electricity supply,social security,production safety,poverty relief,farmland water conservancy,garbage disposal,natural disaster prevention and control,the people's demand is not significant,but the township government performed well.In the fields of legal aid,unemployment relief,public culture,environmental greening,etc,the people's demand is not significant.and the township government's service capability level is low too.from the perspective of service process,the capacity of township government in public opinion gathering and screening,public decision-making and implementation,supervision,accountability and evaluation,and response to public opinion demands is relatively balanced,but the ability of resource acquisition and allocation is deficiency.Fourthly,the lag of township government's service capacity is mainly manifested in the following aspects: inadequate supply of public service in rural areas;structural imbalance in service content,insufficient attention paid by township government to public service,separation of service supply from the rural grass roots;society's actual needs,and insufficient capacity of township government to cope with the upgrading of grassroots mass service demand.The reasons accounting for the weakness of township government's service capability may include: unclear development orientation of township government,mismatch between financial and administrative powers,the unreasonable evaluation mechanism,the poor quality of providers,the government monopoly of public service supply.Finally,in order to improve the township government's service capability,We should take the rural revitalization and the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas as the objectives,adhere to respect for the dominant position of the peasants,enhance the social equity and justice,adjust measures to local conditions and promote the urban-rural integrated development as the basic principles,promote the reform of township administrative system,establish a service-oriented public finance management system.strengthen the construction of service personnel,improve the public service supply mechanism which can absorb mass participation,and explore service mode which collaborative supplied by multi-subject.