The Research On The Experience-exploration Oriented Business Administration Case-based Curriculum Development

The postgraduate degree course,Master in Business Administration(MBA),was first introduced in Higher Education in China some 30 years ago.In the last thirty years,the case-based teaching,an archetype of education for MBA courses,has been widely used not only in business-related courses but also in other professional courses such as teacher education.Over the past thirty years,considerable progress has been made in the academic study on the case-based teaching,but the curriculum system construction of the case-based teaching,namely the case-based curriculum development,rarely has a profound and systematic study.In terms of practice,the fundamental idea of the majority of teachers about the case-based teaching is still superficial,and the practice of the case-based teaching has lost its original meaning.Furthermore,it requires not only management mode but also management education to make the appropriate changes.This is because when the industrial economy transforms to the knowledge-based economy,management environment becomes more complex,and unpredictability and uncertainty that often appear in the management systems result in management systems becoming more complicated.Therefore,it is essential that systematic in-depth case study should be developed in the business administration curriculum.The value orientation of education will be the potential and commanding way that affects the value choice and behavior tendencies of people education practice.The Research on business administration case-based curriculum development begins with the critique and reconstruction of the value orientation of the business administration case-based curriculum.The results of interviews,classroom observation and the existing literature analysis show that the current mainstream value orientation of the business administration case-based curriculum is academic technology orientation.The academic-technology-oriented business administration case-based curriculum is a kind of business administration case-based curriculum based on the instrumental value of the case,and its target is the acquisition of scientific knowledge and management skills.In the academic-technology-oriented case-based curriculum,the case has only instrumental value,which is seen as the objective description of reality,the equivalence of practice or reality,the appendages of scientific knowledge.Thus,the academic-technology-oriented business administration case-based curriculum has the following tendencies:focuses on the story and the lack of reflection on discourse and narrative;emphasis on the acquisition of scientific knowledge,technological rationality and paradigmatic cognition;teacher to control all aspects of the case teaching.The academic-technology business administration case-based curriculum is based on the theoretical element of reflection on narrative,managerialism view on management,and the modern knowledge conception.The implementation of the academic-technology-oriented business administration case-based curriculum results in a lot of negative effects.Given the shortcomings of the academic-technology-oriented business administration case-based curriculum and new changes of the management world,this study proposed the experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum.The experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum is a kind of business administration case-based curriculum which is based on the intrinsic value of the case,and its target is the dissemination of narrative knowledge,the cultivation of narrative thinking,and ultimately the reorganization and transformation of the individual narrative knowledge or self-transformation.In the experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum,the case has intrinsic value which is no longer the equivalence of practice or reality,the appendages of scientific knowledge.As a kind of narrative knowledge,the case has equal status with scientific knowledge,and has a role in constructing the social reality.The experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum is also concerned about the story,discourse and narrative,emphasizes the acquisition of the narrative knowledge,practical reason and narrative thinking,and takes the dialogue oriented teaching and the liberation and development orientated evaluation.The main features of the experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum are narrative,individuality,integration,equality,situation and openness.The experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum is based on the theory of narrative constructivism,practical view of management,and postmodern view of knowledge theory.The experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum has its own bases of the knowledge,society and individual.The experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum development helps to overcome the malpractice resulting from the business administration education full of technological rationality,to contribute to the learners effectively deal with complex environment,to effectively develop and disseminate learners' personal practical knowledge,and to meet the requirements management practice for managers about narrative knowledge and narrative thinking.The experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum development is based on the theory of practical view on management and authentic real leadership theory in management science,the theoretical elements of narrative identity and narrative intelligence in Psychology,the theoretical component of practical knowledge and narrative knowledge in knowledge theory and the narrative curriculum view and narrative curriculum development model in curriculum theory.Considering the nature of the experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum development,this study was to identify curriculum objectives as to the construction and dissemination of narrative knowledge,enhance the narrative intelligence,reach narrative identity,and ultimately promote the self-transformation.It is committed to promoting student self-reflection on narrative knowledge,and critically assimilating other narrative knowledge,mastery,the restructuring and transformation of self-narrative knowledge.The objectives of experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum are based on the change of the objectives and the knowledge base of business administration education,narrative turn of management studies,the existence of a large number of the narrative phenomenon in management practices and further study on narrative model and narrative intelligence.The objectives of experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum have the open,generative and rheological properties.The knowledge form of curriculum content in the experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum is narrative knowledge.Case selection is the selection of narrative knowledge.Based on the debate on case selection in business administration education,this study suggests that case selection should not only follow the general principle of curriculum content selection such as purposiveness,appropriateness,structural,and diversity,but also follow the special principles such as authenticity,fullness,diversity and education.Considering the nature and objective,the form of the experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum development should be the emergent and linking curricula,and the case organization should follow the logic of dialogue response.Case-based curriculum organization follows the principles such as the continuity,generation,integration and openness.Teaching in the business administration case-based curriculum is commonly called the case teaching.In the light of the objectives and nature of the course content of the experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum,the appropriate teaching model is multiple-narrative dialogue teaching model.The so-called multi-narrative dialogue teaching model is a kind of teaching mode which means that self-narrative is used as the main body embellished with the other narratives,cultural narrative are the resources,the dialogue is the method of delivery.The experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum includes three components:consultation topic,presentation of the narrative and dialogue,story-telling of teaching.The presentation of the narrative and dialogue also includes four elements:concern narrative;diverse storytelling;reconstructed the story;and implementation of the new story.The value orientation of the curriculum evaluation in the experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum is liberation and development of the management learners,and the aims of the curriculum evaluation is the return of learners and curriculum.Based on the nature and the value orientation of the curriculum evaluation,the curriculum evaluation in the experience-exploration-oriented business administration case-based curriculum should adopt the narrative-dialogue evaluation model.The core mechanism of the narrative-dialogue evaluation model is narrative and dialogue.The narrative-dialogue evaluation model is essentially continuous,dynamic negotiation process of the value on the project by the various stakeholders.The application of the case in the business administration courses can demonstrate learner's perspective as curriculum insider,help learner to self-reflect,self-transform and enhance the relationships between learners.