Research On Experiential Ideological And Political Education In China's Colleges And Universities

The experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities refers to the new idea of carrying out ideological and political education with the basic idea of experience.In recent years,the experiential education mode,used in colleges and universities to educate the ideals,beliefs,morals,and values of students,is a new point of growth in theory and practice in the field of ideological and political education.It has produced or is producing research results and practical results,and has begun to attract the attention of the theoretical,educational and social communities.Different from some previous education and teaching reforms,the experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities is not simply a change in the contents,modes,and methods of education,but a fundamental shift in educational concepts and ontological awareness.The experience here is no longer the practice activities in the ordinary sense,but the meaning construction and value generation method on the level of life philosophy,having ontological,axiological,epistemological,and methodological implications.This kind of experience determines the philosophical nature of experiential education.However,this theory and practice of ideological and political education based on experience ontology has not reached a consensus in the academic world to a great extent,in other words,it has not been widely accepted.For the understanding of experience,people tend to view it as an educational approach rather than a fundamental educational concept.Therefore,the social phenomenon of "without object,without experience"emerged.The colleges and universities are the centers of ideological and political education,and also the most appropriate,most concentrated,and most effective places to operate experience-based ideological and political education.It is necessary for them to get out of this misunderstanding and take the lead in realizing the reform and transformation of experience-based ideological and political education.This is the initial starting point of this study,and the basic content of the introduction part.Chapter one of the paper mainly discusses the generating foundation of experience-based ideological and political education,which has become an eye-catching educational concept in the 21st century because it has a very broad and profound ideological foundation and a rich cultural source.This paper,through the investigations,believes that,in the sense of practice theory,experience-based ideological and political education is compatible with Marxist thoughts and consistent with Marxist historical materialism and dialectical materialism.Marxist practice theory lays the ideological foundation for experience-based ideological and political education.In the sense of modern philosophy,the basic idea of experience-based ideological and political education comes mainly from the philosophy of life,which is the most significant achievement of philosophy in the 20th century.It "broke down the dominance of epistemology",which is of great significance in the history of philosophy,achieving the shift from philosophical ontology to practicality.Its life philosophy and experience theory provide a direct theoretical reference for experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities.In the sense of cognitive science,many viewpoints and methods of experience-based ideological and political education are closely related to the development of modern psychology and modern cognitive science.It can be said that these new research results provide scientific support for validating and enriching the theory and practice of experience-based ideological and political education.In terms of culture,although the thought of experience was gradually developed and matured in the Western cultural context,traditional Chinese culture also paid great attention to the essential characteristics of experience is also prominent.In fact,in traditional Chinese moral culture system,the experience-centered moral concept and moral education theory were formed very early.These ideological wisdom with rich oriental cultural characteristics are intrinsically consistent with the experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities which values life practices and reflections,providing a good development soil for experience-based ideological and political education.Chapter two of the paper focuses on the challenges faced by traditional ideological and political education in Chinese colleges and universities as well as the opportunities for the transformation of experience-based ideological and political education.This paper believes that,one of the fundamental reasons why we advocate the mode of experiential education in ideological and political education in colleges and universities is that traditional ideological and political education has encountered many challenges.In Chinese universities,the years of work experience in ideological and political education has not only made great contributions to the training of outstanding talents and national successors,but also formed a set of effective educational concepts,teaching modes and teaching methods in many years of practice.However,with the rapid development of contemporary Chinese society,the ideological concepts,lifestyles,and spiritual pursuits of contemporary Chinese people have also undergone tremendous changes.In particular,university students of young generation,whether in terms of knowledge or spiritual world,are very different from that of the past.While traditional ideological and political education failed to respond to the changes of the times in a timely manner,which led to a certain degree of lag,resulting in a relatively passive situation.The traditional mode of ideological and political education is facing severe challenges in terms of discourse dominance,subject identification,cultural diversity and quality effectiveness.On the other hand,the development and progress of contemporary Chinese society also provide many opportunities for the transformation and renewal of ideological and political education in colleges and universities.In terms of spirit of the time,the era of participatory politics and experience economy is coming,which greatly triggers people's participation consciousness and experiential enthusiasm,especially for young students.From the perspective of educational objects,the contemporary young student groups are showing new characteristics and new changes that are well resonant with experience-based ideological and political education;from the perspective of education,the era task of building a country with a strong culture enables the humanities education in universities to rejuvenate and develop.All these favorable conditions have provided the feasibility for the experiential transformation of ideological and political education in colleges and universities.Chapter three of the paper mainly analyzes the status quo of the development of experience-based ideological and political education in China's universities.The theory of experience was first introduced into China' s education sector in the 1980s.After it went through the processes of theory introduction,exploration and localization practice,experience-based ideological and political education has gradually developed as a new education paradigm,and has achieved greater success.This also provides a good basis and condition for the development of experience-based ideological and political education from a larger scope and scale.With more than 30 years' development,experience-based ideological and political education has made achievements mainly in aspects of theoretical construction,educational practice and acceptance.During its implementation in colleges and universities,experience-based ideological and political education has achieved some experience,but there are also many problems affecting its development.Due to the inadequate understanding of the significance of experiential education and ineffective actions,a universal,scale-based,effective and complete system has not yet formed,and related educational activities are usually conducted in a spontaneous,random and temporary manner.In the specific organization and application,college educators didn't thoroughly understand the essence of experience-based ideological and political education,and often took a one-sided understanding of them,and therefore,the role of experience-based ideological and political education failed to play fully.All these problems need to be carefully studied and resolved during educational practice.Chapter four of the paper discusses the construction of experience-based ideological education system in colleges and universities.Any kind of education mode is a relatively integrated system that is constructed in accordance with certain internal logics such as certain concepts,forms,and methods.The experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities is no exception.To play a role in real life,it must also be constructed in accordance with certain ideas and scientific methods,so as to constitute a relatively complete and viable system.Then,how to construct experience-based ideological and political education system in colleges and universities?What are the characteristics?Fundamentally speaking,the college experience-based ideological and political education is an experience-centered education paradigm,different from the traditional ideological and political education paradigm which focuses on knowledge.Therefore,it is also inevitably different from the current ideological and political education in universities in aspects of connotation and construction.In general,this system roughly consists of three kinds of contents:stemmed from life experience,formed in real life,accomplished by the perfection of human beings.The so-called "stemmed from life experience" means that experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities takes life experience as the ontology of education concept,with everything taking experience as the starting point,thus constituting the construction principle of experience-based ideological and political education system.The so-called "formed in real life" means that all ideological and political education activities are rooted in real life,and real life and ideological and political education are integrated,which constitute the organizational structure of experience-based ideological and political education system.The so-called "accomplished by the perfection of human begins"means experience-based ideological and political education is a highly practical system,and its ultimate goal must also be embodied in the perfection of people,which constitute the basic rule and evaluation system for the success building of experience-based ideological and political education.This chapter focuses on related connotation and construction of value system,content system,method system and evaluation system of experience-based ideological and political education in universities.Chapter five of the paper is the study of the implementation path and development trend of ideological and political education in colleges and universities.The experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities is not only a new educational idea but also a new educational paradigm.Therefore,it not only has theoretical significance,but also has practical significance.In most universities and colleges in China,experience-based ideological and political education has been recognized by many people in this field.It is considered to be an educational philosophy and education mode,which is adaptable to the times,more practical,and more valuable.Besides,it has been applied and practiced in some aspects of ideological and political education,especially in experience methods,and achieved good results.However,for various reasons,experience-based ideological and political education has not yet been advocated and promoted on a relatively broad level.How can experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities become a reality?What are its basic principles,practical basis,Western experience,and implementation path?On the basis of the previous theoretical research,this chapter systematically discusses the practical strategies of experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities from four aspects.Finally,in the conclusion,this paper briefly summarizes the above research and looks forward to the development of experience-based ideological and political education in colleges and universities.