The Relationship Between Stakeholders Of Multi-Purpose Sports Complexes And The Coordination Mechanism Of Their Service Supply Chains

Since today's consumers are increasingly demanding higher quality and more efficient sport services,many public stadiums are propelling reforms to transfer operating rights while maintaining the state-ownership.Multi-purpose Sports Complexes—a new facility style helping the development of the sport industry—have called both governmental and research attention.The development of multi-purpose sports complex involves multi-stakeholders such as the government,the market and the society.Due to different interests of various participants and the complicated and constantly changing relationship between them,building a successful multi-purpose sports complex is not a simple project.Therefore,this paper analyzes the relationship between stakeholders under the guidance of new public management theory,demand spillover theory,supply chain management theory and stakeholder theory.Based on an in-depth analysis,suggestions have been provided for improving the coordination mechanism of multi-purpose sports complex service supply chains.The main findings are as follows:First,the government,service integrators,service providers and consumers are important stakeholders on the multi-purpose sports complex service supply chain.Among the six pairs of relationship formed between these four main bodies,the relationship between government and consumers,government and service integrators,and service integrators and service providers are relatively important.Thus correspondingly,the construction of the consumer-satisfied fiscal policy mechanism",the entrusted business contract mechanism and the service provider selection mechanism are the key to the harmony of interests on service supply chains.Secondly,through a demand investigation of 560 consumers in the first batch of 14 multi-purpose sports complexes identified in Jiangsu Province,the importance of the three mechanisms mentioned above have been verified from the perspective of consumers.According to the expectations,needs,and characteristics of various consumers,we suggested that consumer demand-related items must be included when drafting agreements of multi-purpose sports complex integration and must be considered when constructing a service supply chain.And the service content of sports complexes must be kept pace with the times.Moreover,to some extent,the commonweal nature of public sports must be maintained while pursuing the maximization of economic benefits of all stakeholders.Thirdly,from the perspective of consumption stratification,the authors conducted a survey study of 453 consumers and found that consumers' demands of multi-purpose sports complex service content have both individual and group differences.By analyzing the structure of their willingness to consume the sports complex's service content,the authors concluded that the basic services factor has the highest influence on the consuming willingness.Therefore,we suggest the government department focus on the key service content when setting policies,optimizing the financial subsidy mechanism for consumers.Furthermore,the government should pay more attention on overall interests of all stakeholders,helping the integration from the perspective of policy coordination,exploiting market potential,and making information more transparent and openlyFourthly,by examining the roles of the government departments and service integrators in entrusted operation agreements,the authors performed a content analysis examination of the following: 1)Contract Law and Law on Physical Culture and Sports;2)a sample of entrusted operating agreements;and 3)semi-structured interviews with the operators.The results showed that the extant contract mechanism in China does not guarantee that service integrators can fully and autonomously operate within the law.Furthermore,this mechanism cannot fully ensure that the government achieves the goal of asset preservation and appreciation because of the bounded rationality of the government,the existence of contracting and dispute costs,and the lack of industrial eco-management thinking.Our findings underscore the significance of introducing residual rights of control(Hart,1988)into entrusted operating agreements to optimize the transition of the Chinese sport industry.Fifthly,from a proposed initial service provider selection model which included 7 criteria and 41 sub-criteria,a single-item correlation coefficient analysis has been conducted to narrow down the 41 sub-criteria to 15.And then,with the analytic hierarchy process and other methods,the authors have measured the index weight of each criteria and sub-criteria,and have ranked them based on the degree of importance.Our findings showed that the level of credibility,the ability to stimulate consumption,the pattern of operation,the degree of content innovation,and the capability to drive the industry are the most important factors affecting the selection of sports complex service providers.According to the findings,the authors have proposed four suggestions for building an optimizated sports service provider selection mechanism,emphasizing the importance of key criteria.Integrators of multi-purpose sports complexes should take their own resources,the expected ratio of their core and additional service content,and their specific complex types into consideration when selecting sub-service providers.