The Impact Of International Talents On Technological Innovation

As China's economy enters the "new normal",innovation-driven has become one of the key drivers for China's industrial structure optimization,market vitality release and economic growth.Under the background of the improvement of China's comprehensive strength and international influence,in order to realize innovation-driven strategy and build an innovative country,China has further improved the talent related system,which has promoted a large number of overseas experts,overseas students,and foreign students to work,exchange or study in China,so that China can benefit from the the expanding cross-border flow of talents,International talents flow has attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad.Many scholars have carried out a series of studies on the cultivation,flow dynamics of international talents,and the impact of international talents on the technological innovation,technological progress,international trade,economic growth,etc.However,less research is carried out from the perspective of informal institutions.For example,there are few considerations of hidden factors such as cultural differences,guanxi culture.Some studies are relatively microscopic,ignoring the joint role between groups,and lack of systematic and in-depth.Firstly,based on Web of Science and CNKI,this paper makes a visual analysis of relevant literatures in the field of international talents by using Citespace V software,revealing the hotspots,similarities and differences between domestic and foreign research.At the same time,it analyzes the influencing factors of the formation of cultural differences and the influence mechanism of regional culture,cultural distance and relationship culture.Based on the existing literature,this paper makes a detailed analysis of the relevant researches on international talents,cultural differences,technology transfer and technological innovation,finds the shortcomings of existing researches,and puts forward the main problems and contents of this paper.Based on the theory of cultural differences,human capital theory,social capital theory,this paper builds a panel data model based on the data of Chinese provincial(municipality,autonomous region)and GLOBE cultural model,using the econometric analysis method of OLS-Robust estimation,instrumental variable method estimation,robustness test,Hausmann-Taylor estimate,etc.,and based on the cultural perspective,this paper systematically analyzes the relationship between international talents and technological innovation through three studies,respectively revealing the influence of cultural distance,regional culture and relational culture on the relationship between international talents and technological innovation.The findings are as follows:Study 1 examines the impact of cultural distance(the extent of cultural differences)on the relationship between international talent and technological innovation,and reveals the mediating role of technology transfer.It is found that international talents have a significant positive impact on technological innovation,and technology transfer plays a partial mediating between international talents and technological innovation.Cultural distance plays a significant role in moderating the relationship between international talents,technology transfer and technological innovation.Through the use of IV-2SLS estimates in 15 countries(regions),it is found that cultural distance(South Korea,Hong Kong)significantly negatively moderates the relationship between international talent and technology transfer,while Taiwan is the opposite;Data analysis of nine countries(regions),including the Britain,France,Russia and Italy,confirmed that cultural distance significantly positively moderates the relationship between international talents and technological innovation.Data analysis of 14 countries(regions),including the Britain,France and Russia,confirmed that cultural distance significantly positively moderates the relationship between technology transfer and technological innovation.Study 2 analyzes the impact of regional culture(GLOBE cultural dimensions)on the relationship between international talents and technological innovation,and further verifies it by talent category and country(region).It is found that power distance and humane orientation both negatively moderates the relationship between international talents and technological innovation,uncertainty avoidance,societal collectivism and assertiveness all positively moderate the relationship between international talents and technological innovation.The research on talent classification finds that,for technological innovation,the impact of cultural international talents and economic international talents is significant positive,and the impact of long-term international talents sometimes are significant positive,while the short-term international talents is no significant.Meanwhile,among the four types of international talents,the impact of uncertainty avoidance,power distance and societal collectivism are the most stable,followed by assertiveness,and finally the humane orientation.In addition,future oriented(long-term international talents,cultural international talents)and gender egalitarian(cultural international talents)positively moderates the relationship between international talents and technological innovation,while performance oriented(cultural international talents)plays a negative positively moderating.A similar pattern was found in 13 countries(regions),while in-group collectivism(South Korea)playing a negative moderating.Study 3 discusses the impact of guanxi culture(one of Chinese characteristic culture)on the relationship between international talents and technological innovation,and the positive role of social trust..It is found that guanxi culture has a significant negative impact on technological innovation,and it negatively moderates the relationship between international talents and technological innovation,that is,the stronger the guanxi culture,the stronger the binding force on international talents,which hinders the innovation ability of international talents.Social trust has a significant positive impact on technological innovation,and positively moderates the relationship between international talents and technological innovation,that is,the stronger the social trust,the more beneficial it is for the international talents to exert their innovation ability.After adding the social trust,the negative impact of guanxi culture is weakened,and the interaction between guanxi culture and social trust has a positive impact on technological innovation.Based on the cultural perspective,this paper systematically and deeply analyzes the relationship between international talents and technological innovation.This paper constructs a relatively new comprehensive analysis framework for international talents and technological innovations,which provides a new perspective for the research of international talents,enriching the research contents of the field of technological innovation,international talents,cultural differences,and social capital.At the same time,it is enlightening in practice.On the one hand,the government can build talent immigration system,attract talents according to talent categories and attract foreign students to study and work in China,so as to improve the quantity of Chinese international talents.On the other hand,the government should establish cultural self-confidence,remove cultural dross,promote multicultural integration,and improve the level of social trust to enhance the positive role of Chinese culture.