Research On The Institutional Supporting Of Undergraduate Education Of First-class Universities In China

The quality of undergraduate education is the ballast stone of the quality of higher education.In 2015,the State Council issued the Overall Plan for Promoting the Construction of World-class Universities and First-class Disciplines as a Whole Plan,the release of this document means that the first-class construction of higher education in China has entered a new stage.Under the background of "double first-class" construction,The undergraduate education in first-class universities has become a major concern and research issue for its high demonstration,high leadership and high social relevance.For the construction of undergraduate education in first-class universities,system construction is the key.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the institutional support of undergraduate education in first-class universities.The core issue of this paper is the institutional support of undergraduate education in first-class universities in China.By using the methods of literature research,interview,observation,content analysis and case study,this paper combs the evolution mechanism and characteristics of undergraduate education system in top-ranking universities in China's key construction of higher education in the past 70 years.The research shows the reality of the system support for undergraduate education in first-class universities in China,points out the main problems and analyses the causes of the problems.This research focuses on the innovation and entrepreneurship education,investigates the operation of undergraduate education system in U1 and U2 first-class construction universities,and interviews specific issues.Focusing on the central proposition of "how is it possible to take undergraduate education as the basis",this paper puts forward the ideal path to construct the first-class undergraduate education system of first-class universities under the background of "double-first-class" construction,and puts forward the basic strategies to realize it.This paper reviews the operation of the undergraduate education system of key universities in the construction of higher education in China in the past 70 years and the previous research results.From the 1950 s to the 1980 s,the support of the undergraduate education system of key universities in this period presents the characteristics of "takingpolitics as the foundation".The concrete manifestations are:(1)collective thinking on the substitution of competition mechanism;(2)spontaneous institutional change and lack of demand;(3)the annihilation of effective mechanism by the endowment of national legitimacy.By the 1990 s,the support of undergraduate education system in China's first-class universities has gradually shown a tendency of "scientific research-oriented" :(1)the supply of system is seriously insufficient;(2)the penetration of performance thinking is serious;(3)the demand for the construction of spontaneous undergraduate education system is restrained.Institutional support of undergraduate education in first-class universities is a complex linkage mechanism:influenced by multiple factors and profoundly reacting to these factors.It represents the triple mechanism of the development of first-class undergraduate education:(1)the first mechanism:the demand for autonomy from the "bottom" forces;(2)the second mechanism:the demand for "organizational autonomy" of first-class universities;(3)the third mechanism:the implementation of national will and market intention.According to these three mechanisms,three levels have been formed: the first level,with undergraduate education as the center,the linkage between government,market,first-class universities and undergraduate education;the second level,with first-class universities as the intermediary,the interaction between government,market and undergraduate education;and the third level,the spontaneous order of undergraduate education.On the basis of literature research and preliminary investigation,this paper chooses the innovation and entrepreneurship education which is being implemented in the undergraduate education of first-class universities as the breakthrough point,and makes a further in-depth investigation on U1 and U2 first-class universities.The survey found that although the undergraduate education of the first-class universities in China has made some achievements,the support of the undergraduate education system of the first-class universities is facing a crisis of rationality.It is manifested in:(1)the autonomy of undergraduate education in first-class universities is not mature enough,the right will not be used,the right does not want to use;(2)the mission and responsibility are idle,and the rule of documents replaces the normative system operation.In this case,the undergraduateeducation of first-class universities is "disciplined",its effectiveness is difficult to accumulate,and the quality of undergraduate education is questioned.Analyzing the causes of these problems,we can see from the internal system:(1)under the influence of factors such as the infiltration of performance thinking,the existing evaluation system of colleges and universities,and the shift of the development focus of first-class universities,the endogenous dynamic mechanism is absent;(2)power inversion;(3)group decision-making mechanism is replaced by academic mechanism and administrative mechanism.From the influence of external system,we can see that:(1)external forces highly control and restrict the operation of internal system;(2)asymmetric system supply and system demand,the supply of government system integrates the demands of first-class universities and undergraduate education,and the demand of bottom level is forced or voluntarily abandoned;(3)the construction of order from outside to inside leads to the tendency of "opportunism" and "inertia".To solve this problem,the connotation of "taking undergraduate education as the foundation" of first-class universities must be clarified.Its core is to build "excellent undergraduate course" in pursuit of diversity and diversity,and to cultivate group English.To achieve this,the following three aspects should be the direction of efforts:(1)to build a highly motivating institutional support mechanism;(2)to clarify the boundaries of the government and build a relationship between the government and the university based on "trust and commitment";(3)specialized design and operation to realize the autonomous construction of the internal system of first-class university undergraduate education;(4)through the implementation of specific measures such as increasing special investment in undergraduate education and the reform of teachers' performance appraisal system,we can promote the implementation of undergraduate education system in first-class universities.