Research On The Competency Mode Construction And Cultivation Path Of New Professional Farmers

Today’s world is currently in the process of historical changes and modernization,in which the modernization of agriculture is an important component of the modernization of the whole world.In our country,"agricultural modernization" is the short board of development in the strategy of "four modernizations at the same time",and it is also the focus and difficulty in realizing the whole modernization process.The "production and management" type of new professional farmers,as the main body of new agriculture in rural areas,are playing the role of agricultural reformers,transforming traditional agriculture into modern agricultural practitioners with economic benefits.Since 2012,in the "Central First Document" issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the "agriculture,countryside and farmers" issues,all have focused on the new professional farmers and their cultivation.Under the guidance of the national strategy and policies,vocational education and training for new-type vocational farmers in all regions have been carried out continuously and in depth.However,there are a series of difficulties behind it,such as unclear logic starting point.The research in this paper is based on the "problem-solving centered" pragmatic paradigm,and adopts the method of "mixed research" to collect materials and data for the problems to be studied.It focuses on constructing a quality model that the new professional farmers can be competent for,explores a set of forming rules for the quality that the new type of professional farmers can be competent for,and puts forward corresponding cultivation paths to better answer a series of questions such as "how to do,how to learn,how to teach" for the new professional farmers.Then,it focuses on the research of four sections.The first section focuses on the starting point of the research on the model construction,verification and revision of the competency of the new type of professional farmers,which is also the focus and core of the whole research,and then constitutes the main content of the three chapters "Chapter II,III and IV".On the basis of comprehensive literature reading and research design,I first conducted a "behavioral event interview" on the new professional farmers through two-stage sampling until the collected data reached the saturation state of theoretical category.In the way that constructivism is rooted in theoretical coding,I encode transcribed text data layer by layer.Secondly,through the "job task analysis" method of experts in front-line positions,I have presented the items of "farm production management,farm staff management,farm target management,relationship organization and coordination" and other fields and quality elements.Thirdly,I supplemented and integrated the materials collected in parallel,and summarized the results of initial coding and focused coding by "secondary adjustment",refined the initial element framework of the quality of new professional farmers,and made in-depth interpretation and analysis of the specific connotation of each element.Fourthly,based on the initial framework of quality and the relevant maturity scale,I have compiled the "Questionnaire of Competency for New professional farmers" by myself.I have carried out exploratory and confirmatory analysis on the quality structure of new professional farmers,and verified whether it is a "competency" that can distinguish excellent results from average results through the relationship with work performance.The second section is based on the "Evaluation Scale for Competency of New Professional Farmers" to investigate the current situation of research objects.I used subjective and objective comprehensive integration weighting method to establish specific weights for comprehensive evaluation of competency.On the whole,the overall competency of the new type of professional farmers shows a moderate to slightly higher level.Their quality level in the three first-level dimensions is relatively balanced,with the highest average level being the dimension of "process quality" and the lowest average level being the dimension of "integrated design quality".In addition,I adopted independent sample t test and one-way ANOVA to conduct a more comprehensive exploration of the specific impact of the new type of professional farmers’ competency on their gender,age,professional category,educational background,major work experience,training experience and time engaged in agricultural work(farmers)and other factors.The results of investigation and analysis show that there is no significant difference between the overall competency of new professional farmers and the dimensions of the first-level competency in terms of gender,age,professional category and time engaged in agricultural work.However,there are significant differences in their educational background,experience(Whether they are ordinary farmers,whether they are migrant workers,whether they are managers and the number of times they receive training,etc.).In the third section,the formation and development rules of farmers’ competency are discussed in depth,thus providing a basis for the scientific way of "how to cultivate" new professional farmers.In the process of research,I used the case study method,and selected three representative,typical and certain differences of new professional farmers,to carry out item-by-item replication and differential replication of embedded multi-case studies,according to the time sequence to trace back the key events they encountered in different stages of career development and the behavioral details they showed.The results show that the formation characteristics of the new type of professional farmers’ competency in the "career preparation period" are established under the fulcrum of "meta-quality" under the interaction of personality and environment.The "initial period of occupation" is a focus of "process quality" in the process of struggling for survival.The "career growth period" is an inclination of the "integrated design quality" in the dynamic transformation.In the "career development period",this is a comprehensive and coordinated improvement of quality based on "meta-quality".In the fourth section,I made a comprehensive analysis based on the individual characteristics and development laws of new professional farmers,focusing on the cultivation of new professional farmers from the perspective of vocational education and training.In my opinion,"personality development" should be taken as the orientation in the cultivation concept,and the new type of professional farmers should be placed in the subjective position in the cultivation,so that they can obtain initiative growth in the interaction and coordination with vocational education and training as well as the external environment.We need to break the traditional pattern of different training for farmers in different places,focus on the overall objectives and tasks of the region,integrate advantageous resources,and form a "one subject,diversified development" training responsibility body.Taking the factor of "perceived cultivation value" that can intervene to adjust the grade level as a breakthrough to improve the enthusiasm and initiative of farmers involved in cultivation and learning;Based on the characteristics of agricultural production such as the age,main sources,stages of career development and types of business industries of new professional farmers,I have carefully classified them,fully respected their differences in learning needs,and provided effective learning opportunities and supply of effective training paths in the process of cultivating new professional farmers.Generally speaking,my research has built a competency model,developed a measuring tool for competency level,analyzed the formation rules of competency,and proposed a path to cultivate competency.My research and findings will help to better understand the interactive relationship between the cultivation of new professional farmers and the economic development of our rural society and the transformation and upgrading of the agricultural industry.It will provide relevant theoretical support for the cultivation practice and reform of the new professional farmers in our country and help us to understand the real status quo of the competency level of the new type of professional farmers,thus providing some reference for the relevant research in this field in the future.