The Research On The Development Of Professional Master's Degree Of American Postgraduate Education

As the world leader,the professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education represents the highest level and the latest trend of international professional postgraduate education,which has exerted a profound effect on the world.However,the development of professional master‘s degree in China started late,with a small scale and a single subject type,whose structure system has been not yet perfect,and the quality construction still needs to be improved.Therefore,strengthening the study of the theory of the professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education,and putting forward policy recommendations aiming at the construction of the professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education,is particularly urgent and important.The dissertation applies historical research method,literature research and case analysis,sorts out the history of the development of the professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education.At the end of 19 th century and the beginning of 20 th century,the rapid development of economy and society in the United States lays a solid material foundation for the emergence of professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education.The view of pragmatic talent education advocated by pragmatic philosophy nurtures the ideological conditions for its growth.The emergence of professional colleges after the Morrill Act directly promoted the mode of professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education.Early professional associations promoted the continuous improvement of professional education level.In addition,the limitations of academic master‘s education itself make it an inevitable trend to establish professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education.The initial stage of the professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education was from the beginning of the 20 th century to the end of world war II.In 1908,Harvard University initiated the MBA degree,which marked the birth of professional master's education in the United States.Since then,specialized master's degrees have emerged in business administration,social work,journalism,agriculture,forestry and other fields.Since the publication of the Flexner Report in 1910,which initiated the licensed certification activities,various professional associations have successively formulated the professional certification standards and launched the professional certification activities.The period of promoting the standardization of the professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education was from the end of world war II to the end of 1970 s.At this stage,the number of professional master‘s degrees is soaring.The scale is expanding and the types are increasing day by day.But at the same time,it pays more attention to the standard of education quality.The development stage of the professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education dates from the 1980 s until now.At this stage,the professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education presents interdisciplinary characteristics.There are not only a large number of new professional master‘s degrees in applied subjects,but also joint degrees and interdisciplinary professional master‘s degrees.Licensed certification activities have become more flavorful,with the emergence of national certification organizations and social assessment media.Assessment indicators show the trend of students‘ results-oriented and international development.At this stage,certified master's degree has been the dominant position of master‘s degree,which has surpassed the academic master‘s degree with a strong quantity advantage and developed more maturely.On the basis of summarizing the characteristics of the professional master‘s degree of American postgraduate education development and combining with China‘s specific national conditions,the dissertation finally summarizes its experiences and enlightenment of China‘s professional postgraduate education.In the process of its development,American professional master‘s education has always been career-oriented,relying on professional colleges and professional associations,and flexibly adapted to social needs.Therefore,the development of professional master‘s degree education in our country should fully consider the professional settings to fit with the market demand,promote the effective of professional education and professional qualification examination of cohesion,lay solid foundation theory and strengthen the cultivation of practical skills and solutions,advocate explore flexible education mode and teaching method,as well as establish and improve the professional master‘s degree education macro management and professional certification system.