| In the primitive society,people complied with the laws of nature and worked with the rising of the sun.However,since the invention of production tools,human beings have been upgrading production tools to improve the efficiency of environmental resources,which brings more and more pressure to the earth.In recent years,extreme weather occurs frequently around the world,and environmental pollution problems such as glacier melting,desertification and soil erosion are becoming increasingly serious.Since the reform and opening up,China has developed with an extensive economic development mode.The rise of living standards has paid a heavy price in environmental pollution.It is imperative to change the traditional economic growth model.The 17 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the concept of “Construction of ecological civilization” for the first time.The 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China incorporated it into the overall layout of the “Five-point Strategy”.In 2017,the report of the 19 th National Congress once again emphasized that “Guided by the conviction that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets ",and advocated green development and lifestyle.According to the New Institutional Economics,institutional change is a crucial force for economic growth.Therefore,in order to promote the green development of economy,it is necessary to comprehensively consider various institutional factors affecting market economy.Based on the New Economic Growth Theory,technological progress is the source of economic growth,while green economic growth is more dependent on green technological progress.Intellectual property protection policy is an important institutional factor that encourages technological innovation and protects the achievements of technological innovation activities.As a developing country,China has an obvious gap between its overall technological level and that of developed countries,and the institutional environment for intellectual property protection has been criticized by developed countries.Therefore,in the different stages of economic development,it is urgent to implement reasonable intellectual property rights protection policies and encourage enterprises to innovate and use green technologies,which is an urgent problem to be solved in China's economic green growth transformation.In this background,this paper studies the theme of intellectual property protection and green growth,and sorts out relevant literatures at home and abroad.We construct an index system to measure the intensity of intellectual property protection(IPR),at the same time using EBM model combined with ML index to calculate the green growth level(green total factor productivit,GTFP)of China's provinces(municipalities,autonomous regions)and industrial industries from 2000 to 2017.Combining the economic theory of endogenous economic growth theory,biased technological progress model and market failure,this paper analyzes the action mechanism of intellectual property protection on economic green growth,and discusses the realization path of green growth under the guidance of intellectual property strategy in China.Subsequently,30 inter-provincial panel data samples and 35 industrial panel data samples in China were used to test the direct and indirect effects of IPR on green growth in different regions and industries,with the dynamic panel system GMM regression model.Based on theoretical and empirical analysis,the article concludes with some policy recommendations on intellectual property protection measures to promote economic green growth.The main conclusions are as follows:Firstly,China's intellectual property rights are large in quantity but low in quality,high in activity but low in conversion rate.It's need to improve the overall innovation capacity.Compared with developed countries,the actual protection intensity of intellectual property rights is still low.The status,but continued to maintain the rising trend,with obvious regional and industrial differences.On the other hand,the level of economic green growth continues to rise,and the contribution of green technology advancement is high.However,regional development is uneven.The eastern region has taken the lead in the process of green economic transformation,while the green transformation process in the central and western regions has not been fully launched.The industrial heterogeneity is also significant.The green transformation and upgrading of heavy industry lags far behind the light industry.This shows that the green transformation of industry is an important way to solve the contradiction between China's industrial-dominated economic growth model and environmental degradation by taking high-tech and light industry as the guide and driving heavy and chemical industries to promote coordinated industrial transformation.Secondly,based on the perspective of developing countries,the effects of intellectual property rights protection on economic green growth mainly comes from technological progress.In terms of general technological progress,the intellectual property protection system encourages enterprises to increase investment in in R&D,but also increases the R&D costs of continuous technological innovation.Within the framework of TRIPS agreement,the IPR system of developing countries affects the knowledge spillover effect when transferring advanced technologies from developed countries through FDI,import and export trade and technology licensing.In terms of green technology progress,by introducing the endogenous factors of IPR into the model of Biased Technology Progress,it is found that there is an obvious threshold effect between the IPR of green technology and green technology innovation in developing countries,and its relationship is inverted "U" type.At the same time,IPR institution also affects the use,diffusion and transfer of green technologies on a global scale,mainly as follows: mitigating the uncertainty of green technology R&D investment,green technology mitigating climate change uncertainty,increasing the uncertainty of institutional information,internalizing the externality of knowledge spillover of green technology,expanding the monopoly price distortion of green technology patent,etc.In short,IPR and green patent policy have diversified influences on green technology progress,and the relationship with green growth is not single.Thirdly,from the overall situation,strengthening intellectual property protection has a positive positive effect on China's economic green growth,and the positive influence of green technology is more powerful than green technical efficiency.But it presents a regional and industrial heterogeneity under the influence of other factors:(1)In the eastern of China,the indicators of green growth are more responsive to the technological incentive effect of the intellectual property protection system;In the central and western regions of China,enterprise's technology updates are more dependent on external technologies production technology updates enterprises.In a price-oriented market economy,enterprises prefer to use technologies aimed at reducing production costs,green technological progress underpowered.The unbiased orientation of IPR institution to technological progress has a negative impact on green growth.(2)Clean industries with low carbon emissions: Intellectual property protection policies have obvious effects in promoting the green transformation of industry,and can effectively guide industrial green development by encouraging technological progress;The transformation and upgrading of polluting industries with high carbon emission rely more on the government's basic R&D technology,while most private enterprises prefer to imitate technologies with low complexity.Loose intellectual property protection policies are more conducive to the green growth of the industry.Finally,this paper empirically tests the mechanism of intellectual property protection affecting economic green growth through technological progress,and tests the threshold effect of IPR.The empirical regression results show that the general technology and green technology both positively induce the green growth of China's economy within the intellectual property rights protection system and the green technology progress effect is stronger than the general technology progress effect.In addition,the threshold value of IPR is further estimated,and the optimal protection intensity of IPR in China is within the range of [2.474,3.869].At present,provinces and cities in eastern have basically passed the minimum threshold value,but most provinces in central and western are still below the lowest threshold value.However,the threshold value of China's industrial industry is 59.898,and the industries with intensive intellectual property beyond this threshold are suitable for strict intellectual property protection policies.Therefore,the implementation of intellectual property protection policies should be combined with the development characteristics of various regions and industries in China,meet the requirements of building a resource-saving and environment-friendly society,and highlight the importance of green technology progressOn the basis of theoretical and empirical analysis,from the perspective of intellectual property protection,this paper puts forward some policy suggestions to promote the green growth level of China's economy as follows: First,improve the legislative system for IPR,strengthen the efficiency of IPR law enforcement,and further enhance the intensity of IPR;Second,implement differentiated IPR policies based on the current level of green growth;Third,promote the construction of green intellectual property institution,encourage green technology innovation,,and promote the overall economic green growth level;Finally,in view of the controversies on the impact of IPR on technology transfer in the context of green growth,supplementing other methods to encourage the international transfer of green technologies,such as: actively participating in international organizations dedicated to sharing,disseminating and building green technology knowledge,assisting in the construction of a global B2 B electronic trading platform for green technology,etc.Based on existing literature,the main innovations of this paper are as follows: Firstly,the theoretical analysis framework of the impact of intellectual property protection on green economic growth in developing countries is improved;Secondly,the endogenous process of IPR is introduced into the environmental and biased technology progress model of Acemoglu(2012),and the relative expected profit of green technology innovation of R&D department is discussed to clarify the IPR protection policies that favor green technology progress;Thirdly,the evaluation index system of intellectual property protection is improved,and the transmission mechanism of intellectual property protection affecting green economic growth is tested by using inter-provincial and inter-industry panel data.At last,this paper calculates the optimal interval of IPR and puts forward some suggestions for realizing the optimal intellectual property protection. |
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