Research On Characteristic Evolution And Effects Analysis Of Forestry Economic Transition Based On Forest Transition In Heilongjiang Key State-owned Forest Areas

Forest is an important basis for maintaining the health of ecological environment and supporting the development of forestry economy,and the "wrong" positioning of forest resource utilization will eventually lead to irreconcilable internal contradiction between ecological environment and economic society.In the late 1970s,the key state-owned forest areas in Heilongjiang province began to suffer from forest resource and economic crisis,and the crisis of forest resources caused by excessive consumption of forest resources has gradually become the main reason restricting the economic and social development in forest areas.Although a series of forest protection and construction measures have alleviated the forest resources crisis,and the characteristics of forest transition have emerged to a certain extent.However,the natural attributes of forest determine that the restoration of forest resources is a long and complicated process.To solve the problems of forestry development thoroughly,we must make use of management system reform,forest transition and forestry economic transition,while the position of forest resources and economic operation mode should be placed under the same framework of sustainable forestry development to realize the forestry ecological transformation.Taking into account that the natural attributes of forest are an important precondition for forestry economic attributes,and the forestry economic transition depends heavily on the forest transition.Therefore,the study of forestry economic transition based on the process of forest transition in Heilongjiang key state-owned forest areas will help to achieve the internal consistency between the utilization mode of forest resources and the operation mode of forestry economy,and to solve a series of problems in the process of forestry development fundamentally.In the context of forestry policy adjustments and forest management system reforms,this study takes forest transition as the basis and forestry economic transition as the research main line,and focuses on the internal logical mechanism,realistic characteristics,causality relationships and potential transition paths in the process of forest transition and forestry economic transition,specifically including the following contents:Part Ⅰ includes the concept definition and logical mechanism deduction for forest transition as well as forestry economic transition.First,the concepts of forest transition and forestry economic transition are defined,and the concept of forest transition is expanded into forest area&volume transitions and forest structure transitions,while the forestry economy transition will focus on the transitions of forestry economic growth,forestry industrial structure,and forestry production efficiency.Second,this paper decomposes and reconstructs different forms of forest transition process from the perspectives of natural growth and management to form a logical mechanism framework of forest transition;and economic analysis and reasoning deduction have been carried out for different forms of forestry economic transition processes from the perspectives of supply and demand adjustment,factor allocation,and industrial transfer.All of those provide a good logical basis for empirical analysis.Part Ⅱ includes the empirical analysis for the existence,main characteristics,causality and trend law,etc.of forest transition and forestry economic transition in Heilongjiang key state-owned forest areas.First,forest transition characteristics are obtained from descriptive statistics intuitively,while the upper limits of forest area&volume transitions,the internal law of the forest age structure transition,and the implied characteristics of forest transition stages are analyzed by using curve regressions and Markov transfer matrices.Second,by taking different forest transition indexes as independent variables or environmental variables,linear regressions,variable coefficient panel regressions,data envelopment analysis,threshold effects,mediating effects and other methods are used to test the marginal effects,conduction paths and influencing effects,etc.for different forestry economic transition contents caused by forest transition,factor input,industrial structure and other factors.Third,this paper uses Markov transfer matrices to examine the transfer characteristics of the forestry industry structure,and spatial econometric analysis methods are used to test the spatial effects in the forestry economic transition process and the spatial agglomeration characteristics of dominant industries,so as to further grasp the internal law and potential trend of forestry economic transition.Part Ⅲ mainly discusses the forestry economic transition paths in Heilongjiang key state-owned forest areas.On the basis of logical mechanism and empirical analysis,according to the actual situation and relevant forestry development plannings,this paper mainly discusses the effective ways to promote forestry economic transition from the overall strategy and case selection in view of forestry policy,management system,forest transition,infrastructure,industrial chains,innovation driving,industrial layout,etc.,emphazing from the global strategy and case selection respectively,so as to better achieve the utilization of forest resources and high level development transition of forestry economy.The research results show that there are different degrees in the forest transition process and different characteristics for forestry economic transition in Heilongjiang key state-owned forest areas,and the forest transition process has a significant impact on forestry economic transition,which are specifically reflected in the impacts of the forest structure transition on the forestry industrial structure and forestry production efficiency,and in the impacts of area and forest structure on forestry economic growth.In addition,there are significant threshold effects,mediating effects and spatial effects in the forestry economic transition process,and the development of forestry economy presents the characteristics of "overall gradual and partial radical".The trend of forestry ecological transition is becoming clearer,and the endogenous impetus for forestry economy is constantly improving.The factor allocation and industrial structure are becoming more and more reasonable,while forest transition and forestry economic transition have entered a new historical stage.However,at this stage forest resources have not been effectively restored in Heilongjiang key state-owned forest areas,and the forestry production and operation modes have not been completely transformed.The forest resource utilization methods and forestry economic development level are generally at a low level,while there is still improvement space for forestry economic growth mode,industrial structure,production efficiency as well as development strategy.The evolution of forest resources and the development of forestry economy are still a long process,so as to suffer a long period to generally realize forest transition and forestry economic transition.