Research On Art Normal Education In Late Qing Dynasty And Early Republic Of China(1904-1937)

The research on Modern Art Education in China mainly focuses on the non normal majors in the professional art school,namely Chinese painting,Western painting,pattern science,etc.It mainly discusses the teaching of art creation and the development of modern art concept,that is,the research around the "spread of Western learning to the East" and "realism" in the art concept.In the research of general normal education,it focuses on the overall history of normal education and some local normal education history with provinces as units,and pays less attention to the problem of art normal education.This paper is based on this part,because normal art education is the bridge between professional education and basic universal education.It undertakes the role of transferring the knowledge,skills and achievements in the field of professional education to basic universal education,that is,the problem of "how to cultivate art teachers".This involves two parts,including "the training objectives of art teachers" and "the training methods of art teachers".Firstly,this paper absorbs the experience of the research on the history of normal education,supplements and combs the normal art education system and curriculum standards in this period,and studies its historical development stages.Secondly,starting with teaching units,pay attention to the teaching situation of normal schools and art schools,as well as other comprehensive universities.It also studies the art education thought of primary and secondary schools in different periods,because normal education serves basic education,and the teaching thought of basic education will directly affect the teaching development of normal schools,which is one of the theoretical sources of the development of normal education.Finally,due to the particularity of normal art education,this paper will pay attention to the characteristics of art education itself.Normal art education is different from general normal education of Arts and Sciences,because art,like music and sports,belongs to a practical skill rather than pure theoretical knowledge.When it intersects with normal education,there is a tension between its professionalism and the universality of general pedagogy,which is one of the concerns of this paper.Because the teaching units of modern normal art education mainly have two types,namely normal school and art school,and these two types of schools are dominated by two different groups and carry out teaching,the main research idea of this paper is to focus on the three pairs of relations between the two groups and the development of normal art education.These two groups are educational experts and artists(knowledge experts).The three pairs of relations are "the aesthetics and practicality of the content of normal art education","the breadth and specialization of teachers' artistic skills" and "teachers' artistic skills and teachers' basic quality".And try to answer the question "how to carry out normal art education in the early Republic of China and what results have been achieved".Answering this question has historical reference significance for the aesthetic education that our country attaches importance to now.