Research On The Concept Of International Order And Practical Issues In China In The New Era

The concept of international order refers to the views and propositions of a sovereign country on the international order.Specifically,based on its judgment on the international situation and development trends,a sovereign country,according to its national strength,takes into account the interests of its own country and the international community,defines its national identity in the international order,and then puts forward the views and propositions on the international order that conform to the mainstream values.The main structure of the current international order includes the international political order with the United Nations as the core,the international economic order based on the IMF,the World Bank and WTO.Its auxiliary structure includes various bilateral and multilateral international organizations,relevant rules,systems and guarantee mechanisms that have emerged continuously after World War II.It also includes intangible values such as sovereign equality,multilateralism and free trade.Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,its concept and practice of international order have undergone more than 70 years of changes.Before the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,its concept of international order has mainly experienced three stages:criticizing and challenging the international order(1949-1977),actively participating in the international order(1978-2000),and fully integrating into the international order(2001-2012).In this historical process,China's judgments on the international situation and development trends have gradually become optimistic.Its national identity has gradually evolved from a socialist country with ideological struggles and a third-world country,to a developing and a major country representing national development interests and assuming international responsibilities.China's concept on the international order has changed from requiring the establishment of a new international order to advocating reforming its unfairness and irrationality,and has proposed a series of values such as peaceful coexistence,new security concept,and harmonious world.China's interaction with the international order has changed from a negative criticism and passive participation to active participation and full integration.China's role in the international order has changed from a bystander,Critic and challenger,to a participant,builder,contributor and reformer.During different stages,China's concept of international order has both continuity and great changes.The reasons are mainly influenced by multiple factors,namely,the international situation is moving from tension to relaxation,China's national strength is constantly improving,and China adjusts and balances its own interests with those of the international community.Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,as an emerging power,China has responded to the era proposition of the international order at the time when a new trend of change in the order has emerged,positioned its national identity in the international order,and put forward many creative and forward-looking international order views,propositions and values,which have been promoted in practice.Compared with those before the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,China's concept of international order in the new era has changed significantly while maintaining a certain continuity.China continues to uphold the judgment that peace and development are the themes of the times,furthermore,China has proposed a major strategic judgment that the world is undergoing major unexpected changes in a century.In confirming its national identity,China has taken into account its own development interests and the interests of the international community.While adhering to the status of socialist country and the world's largest developing country,China also highlights the positioning of a major country's identity.While advocating the maintenance of the international political order with the United Nations as the core,China also promotes the development of the international economic order in a fair and reasonable direction,and has put forward creative and forward-looking international order programs and concepts such as building a community of shared future for mankind and building a new type of international relations.In the new era,China is playing multiple roles as a defender,builder,contributor and reformer of the international order.Embodying its responsibilities and accountability as a major country,China has firmly upheld and supported the international political order with the United Nations at its core,has increasingly supported for all affairs and reforms of the United Nation.As a major country,China works with some other developing countries to reform the IMF and the World Bank and increases the representation and voice of developing countries in the international community.China supports the multilateral trading system of the WTO,puts forward and promotes the implementation of WTO reform plans and plays the important role in other multilateral international organizations.To address the shortcomings of the existing international order,China has proposed the establishment of the BRICS New Development Bank,the Silk Road Fund,the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and other international financial organizations,accelerated the building of bilateral and multilateral free trade areas,and put forward and implemented the "One Belt And One Road" initiative.China's approaches and concepts for an international order,such as a community with a shared future for mankind and a new type of international relations,have won recognition from the international community.Challenges and opportunities coexist in the practice of China's concept of international order in the new era.At present,China and the United States have great differences in the concepts of the international order,which is the biggest challenge for China to promote the practice of its concept of international order.China's incremental creation of the international order has been questioned or even deliberately distorted by the international community,which is interpreted as China's intention to establish its own hegemony and "start a new stove" outside the current international order.It is even misinterpreted as China's restoration of the traditional tributary order.These doubts and distortions greatly increase the resistance of China's international order concept practice.With the improvement of China's comprehensive strength,western countries hope and require that China share the operating costs of the international order,and developing countries expect that China can provide more support and assistance,and at the same time,it costs China correspondingly to maintain and build the international order.All these three aspects need extremely high costs.If handled improperly,China may face the risk of strategic overdraft.With the continuous advancement of globalization,mankind has become a de facto community with a shared future,all countries in the world have the desire to cooperate in and jointly maintain the international order,and the international community expects China to take on the responsibility of a great power in the international order.These factors provide opportunities for the practice and promotion of China's concept of international order.China should seize the strategic opportunity,continue to practice its concept on international order,promote the formation of a normal relationship of competition and cooperation between China and the United States in the current international order,and avoid the destruction of the international order due to the vicious competition between China and the United States.Simultaneously,it should also cooperate with other major powers,neighboring countries,developing countries and other parties to build and maintain the international order.Surely,the transformation of the international order will be a gradual and slow process.China should maintain strong strategic determination and endurance,always put its own affairs in the first place,act within its capacity to shoulder international responsibilities,and steadily promote the peaceful reform of the international order.