Research On Marx's View Of Freedom

What is freedom? Since the ancient Greek period,thinkers have continuously explored and summarized and answered,and have given freedom with multiple dimensions of thematic connotation.So far,the highest point of the development history of freedom in the history of western philosophy is the contradiction movement between the subject and the object.The ontological and epistemological views of freedom have their own limitations.Different from the concept of freedom in previous philosophy,Marx's view of freedom does not take subject consciousness as its starting point,nor objective necessity as its starting point,but rather expounds the meaning of freedom in human practice.Marx uses practical thinking as its starting point.The theoretical premise criticized the hypocrisy of freedom and equality advocated by the bourgeoisie.In the process of exposing the essence of capitalism,Marx created the scientific methodology of historical materialism,placing the study of people in specific historical relationships,taking the individual engaged in production in reality as the subject to realize freedom;practice as the realization of freedom The path of freedom,free labor as the manifestation of freedom;free time as the development space of freedom,incorporates the human pursuit of freedom into the continuously generated history,and its theoretical connotation surpasses the previous freedom theories in the history of Western thought.Marx's view of freedom was conceived in Western traditional liberalism,but it broke free from traditional liberalism and surpassed it.Marx's view of freedom sublates the traditional liberalism's provisions on human abstraction,and realizes the freedom of human life itself based on reality.Human beings are constantly self-generated under specific historical conditions and social relations,liberated from previous alienated labor in the process of self-improvement,and get rid of the control of capital logic.The nature of humans has transitioned from the naturalness based on the dependence on things to the free people's association based on the " Classic essence" and the free personality is fully developed.The relationship between humans is no longer aimed at self-monopoly.The mutual use of each other is the realization of self-worth while also promoting the free and comprehensive development of others.Therefore,freedom understood by Marx is not only the freedom to enjoy political rights as interpreted in traditional philosophy,but also a historical activity that continuously expands and transcends the previous stage.It is the continuous realization of the essence of the human subject,that is,the real In the sense of freedom and comprehensive development.Realizing the free and comprehensive development of man is the highest value orientation of all Marxist theories.Man's freedom and liberation is a main thread that runs through the process of the formation and development of all Marx's theories.This thesis is dedicated to extracting Marx's theory of freedom from specific historical issues and contexts,and forming a complete theoretical system for systematic combing and research,which will help us accurately grasp the essence of Marxist thought and recognize the new Western society.The essence of liberalism and the true face of free and equal human rights in certain countries that pursue hegemonism,Eliminate the ideology of total Westernization,strengthen the theoretical backing for the development of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era,build a community of human destiny that contains compatibility in the world,conduct realistic and rational explorations of the survival dilemmas faced by modern human society,and take human as the highest subject value to realize its true Free and comprehensive development.The overall thesis is divided into six chapters: Chapter One is the introduction.The beginning of this chapter is to explain the basis and significance of the topic selection of the paper;secondly,to comb the logical viewpoints of domestic and foreign literature on Marx's view of freedom;and finally,to introduce the research ideas and methods of this topic,as well as the innovations and deficiencies of the thesis writing.Chapter Two is the time background and ideological resources of Marx's view of freedom.The background of Marx's era is an era in which capitalism has matured and expanded in Western countries.The expansion of capital has aggravated the contradictions of capitalism and the rise of labor movements in various countries.The proletariat has officially stepped onto the stage of world history.The political struggle that Marx experienced during the Rhein newspaper has enabled Marx to reach an important understanding of the relationship between social structure and political system and the objective relationship that is not shifted by human will.In terms of ideological resources,Marx's doctoral dissertation studied Epicurus' view of freedom.At that time,his understanding of freedom was deeply influenced by German classical philosophers Kant and Hegel.He initially formed an idealistic idea of freedom.It is the subject of will,and should get rid of the control of religion on people's ideology.Chapter Three is the historical evolution of Marx's view of freedom.This chapter clarifies the historical logic of the evolution of Marx's view of freedom from the initial formation to the final perfection by digging deeply into the free thought theory contained in Marx's texts in different periods.From the freedom of will during the youth Hegelian period to the political freedom during the Rheiner Zeitung;and then to the issue of human liberation during the "Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in1844";After the official establishment of historical materialism in "German Ideology",the publication of the "Communist Manifesto" announced that the new social form will lead people to achieve full freedom;in "Das Kapital",Marx uses political economics to discuss reality The reasons and ways that capitalism causes people to be unfree,and finally come to the conclusion that people will eventually cross capitalism and go to the kingdom of freedom.Chapter Four is the core of Marx's view of freedom.This chapter extracts the core views of Marx's thoughts on freedom,and plans to study it as a special topic of Marx's view of freedom.Taking the subject,realization path,expression form and development space presented in Marx's freedom thought as the analysis section,it discusses the Marxist view of freedom.Theoretical connotation.Based on Marx's practical viewpoint,this chapter explains how freedom is possible.Chapter Five is the essential stipulation and ultimate goal of Marx's view of freedom.This chapter mainly discusses the essential characteristics of Marx's view of freedom which is different from the previous freedom thoughts.The freedom stipulated in Marx's view of freedom is a creative positive freedom integrated with the inevitability of historical laws.Only in a true community can people obtain true freedom.In reality,the ultimate goal of people's pursuit of freedom is the overall development of human freedom.This is the core theme of Marx's view of freedom.The free and all-round development of human beings is embodied in the threefold meaning of the realization of the full realization of the potential essential power of the subject,the full display of the objectification of the subject's essence,and the development of the subject's essence as the true purpose of development.Chapter Six is the value orientation and contemporary significance of Marx's view of freedom.The value orientation of Marx's concept of freedom is summarized as achieving one's freedom and liberation from three aspects of harmonious coexistence,namely,the harmonious unity between man and nature,man and society,man and himself.Based on the two aspects of Marx's view of freedom and Western liberalism,Marx's view of freedom and Xi Jinping's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics,this chapter discusses that Marx's view of freedom is the methodology that people must master on the road to freedom,so as to strengthen Marxism.Faith,realize the free and comprehensive development of man.