Research On Policy Change Of Basic Research In China Since The Reform And Opening-up

As an important means to intervene in basic research activities,basic research policy plays a key role in promoting the development of basic research.The perfection of basic research policy becomes one of the main indicators to measure the strength of ability of a country in basic research.Since the reform and opening up,the Chinese government has introduced a series of policies to improve basic research.At present,the overall level of basic research in China has entered the world's advanced level.However,the basic research in China still have some obvious problems.These existing problems,to some extent,indicates the shortages of China's basic research policies.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to analysis the change process of China's basic research policies since the reform and opening up and discuss the power and law of basic research policy changes.This study sorts out the development process of China's basic research policy forty years since the reform and opening up.According to the changes in policy objectives and content,the change process of China's basic research policy since the reform and opening up has been divided into four stages:restoration and adjustment.The basic research policy stage of the period(1978-1985);the basic research policy stage for economic construction(1986-1994);the basic research policy stage aimed at national goals(1995-2005);the basic research to enhance the original innovation ability At the policy stage(since 2006),the objectives and content of the basic research policy at each stage present different characteristics,but every change in China's basic research policy occurs on the basis of changes and accumulations of policy development in the previous stage.In order to understand the characteristics and laws of China's basic research policy change better,this study introduces a multiple-streams theory framework,analyzes the process of China's basic research policy change since the reform and opening up,and finds that China's basic research policy change are multiple factors.Result of joint action.First of all,the change of the problem is the direct driving force of China's basic research policy changes.The policy issue comes from both the inherent requirements of the development of science itself and the external needs of economic and social development.Second,Changes in the political situation are the fundamental driving force for China's basic research policy changes,which determines the direction of basic research policy changes.Third,the government-led feasibility policy design is the gravitational pull of China's basic research policy changes.Finally,the positive actions of policy entrepreneurs are the thrust of China's basic research policy changes.Throughout the course of China's basic research policy changes since the reform and opening up,the status of basic research policy has changed from the edge of science and technology policy to the core;the value orientation of basic research policy has changed from instrumental rationality to instrumental rationality and value rationality;the research policy objectives change from key project breakthroughs to serving national goals;the basic research policy changes from decentralized to systematic;basic research policy formulation changes from government monopoly to policy entrepreneurs.The conclusion of this study is that the change of China's basic research policy is reflected in the unity of continuity and phase;the multiple-streams theory has a strong explanatory power for analyzing the changes of China's basic research policy;the development and changes of the stream of problems,politics,policies and active participation of policy entrepreneurs have jointly promoted the changes of basic research policies in China;the changes in China's basic research policies have distinct characteristics.This research has carried out innovative explorations in the following aspects:First,the introduction of multiple-streams theory to analyze the process of China's basic research policy changes since the reform and opening up,the second is to reveal the dynamics of China's basic research policy changes since the reform and opening up,and the third is to summarize the reforms.The overall characteristics of China's basic research policy changes since its opening.I hope this study can provide some reference for the formulation and improvement of China's basic research policy.