Research On “Micro-governance” Risk Of Urban Community

Facing the increasingly mobile and complex grassroots society,the continuously innovative governance model has promoted the benign interaction between the government and the public in terms of power subsidence,resource integration,organizational remodeling and consultation cultivation,and played an effective role in optimizing the grassroots governance structure and stimulating the subjectivity of the masses.Grassroots communities have successively practiced the operation mode of refined governance and grid governance,which has reformed the operation mode for building the community governance pattern of Co Construction,Co Governance and Sharing.In order to maximize the enthusiasm of the masses for participation,reduce the cost of governance and adjust the level of rational governance,micro-governance has begun to become an implementation path for various regions to explore refined models of social governance.However,the inherent autonomy of this model is rooted in certain uncertain conditions.Compared with traditional bureaucratic administrative or political procedures,there are many hidden risks.The atomization phenomenon,difficulties in coordinating collective value orientations,imbalance of resource allocation,and fragmentation problem,have brought greater challenges to community micro-governance practice.The outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 is both an opportunity and a test for the effectiveness of the extension of community micro-governance in the end.How to make "timely whistle blowing" and "quick action" on governance issues,and building a well-established governance network of micro-unit consensus has more prominent practical significance.At present,grassroots communities are facing more difficult problems of fragmentation,decentralization and contradiction than before.Therefore,it is an important topic to analyze the structural evolution,main operational risks,operational effectiveness and possible causes of alienation of this governance model from the perspective of normalized risks.This article takes the community micro-governance risk in the urban market domain as the starting point for research,and is based on the analysis logic of "discovering risks-identifying risks-analyzing risks-assessing risks-solving risks".And based on the logical starting point of risk society theory,the feasibility perspective of collective action theory,and the risk integration of holistic governance theory.Through in-depth analysis of the structural evolution of the micro-governance model,research is carried out in combination with the operating characteristics of the community micro-governance in the urban market area.By selecting group decision-making characteristic root method,entropy method and efficiency coefficient method,using R language programming to carry out related operations,and systematically analyze micro-governance risks.First,on the basis of following relevant principles,starting from the five dimensions of “technical risk,institutional risk,cultural risk,environmental risk,and structural risk”,a community micro-governance importance risk identification index system was constructed.The group decision characteristic root method was used to calculate the result,and nonimportant indicators are eliminated to get the final micro-governance risk index system,and the importance of the risk indicators is ranked successively.Secondly,on this basis,combined with the internal mechanism of micro-governance in terms of background,subject participation,action coordination and governance mode,and then analyze its risk breeding as a whole,and put forward a directional basis for subsequent evaluation and countermeasure research.Thirdly,combining the identified main risk indicators and existing research,a micro-governance effectiveness indicator system was constructed based on four first-level indicators of subject participation,process orderliness,tool standardization and target satisfaction,so as to conduct a holistic assessment of micro-governance risks.In-depth research was carried out through selected samples of specific micro-governance practices,use the entropy method and the efficiency coefficient method to assign relevant weights,and use the R language to carry out related operations.In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the micro-governance operation of different community samples,and then analyze the micro-governance risks of samples as a whole.Finally,based on the research of micro-governance main risk identification,risk breeding factor analysis and operational risk assessment,a specific strategy framework for preventing and responding to micro-governance risks is proposed from four dimensions.Through the evolution and innovation of urban community governance model in China,this paper conducts a systematic analysis around the research theme of community microgovernance risk,and the following main conclusions are drawn: First,further clarify the development context and typical characteristics of micro-governance.This research summarizes its evolution characteristics into four aspects: the governance subject highlights the diversity and spontaneity,the governance unit radiates downwards,the governance motivation changes from prescriptive to endogenous,and the governance empowerment transmission path and rules change.This model not only narrows the scope of collective action,but also makes the participation effectiveness of each household and each individual's individuality and coordination in the residential area under its jurisdiction more prominent and necessary.Second,on the basis of relevant theories and existing literature,through three rounds of expert consultation,the main risk identification index system of micro-governance was constructed,and ten non-important index options were eliminated through correlation calculation.And it is concluded that environmental risks and structural risks account for the largest proportion,institutional risks and cultural risks account for the middle,and technical risks account for the smallest proportion.In the specific threelevel indicators,the most important top ten indicators are in order: subject rights and responsibilities collaboration>the clarity of function division> the degree of reasonable setting> the degree of information sharing> the degree of subject participation fairness> operationalization> policy conflict>the degree of participation extensiveness> funding adequacy degree> trust attribution.Third,through indepth interviews and data calculations,combined with collective action theory and empowerment theory,it deeply analyzes the crux of micro-governance risks from the perspective of the role of the subject,the governance process,and the correction of governance effects.It can be summarized into three aspects:the alienation of subject empowerment leads to insufficient role recognition,the separation of differentiated behaviors leads to gaps in governance,and the absence of systematic deployment leads to failure of supervision.Fourth,based on the objective of measuring the operational effectiveness of the sample communities,after calculating and comparing the efficacy coefficients of the three sample communities,the ranking of the operating status of micro-governance is as follows: Shanghai A community>Chengdu B community>Wuhan C community.Combining with the differences in specific operational indicators,the operational risks of different samples are summarized.It is found that the three sample communities have relatively large operational risks in terms of management transparency,degree of coordination of powers and responsibilities,clarity of division of functions and other tool norms,as well as continuous communication,opinion acceptance,and trust attribution.However,both institutional connection and emotional inclusion are quite different from the expectations before the survey,with good evaluation results and less risk,which also provides a foundation for the precise strategy of key issues.Fifth,embed risk early warning into risk response strategies,and build a risk response strategy framework based on basic dimensions,cognitive dimensions,technical dimensions,and spatial dimensions.Through the systemic assistance of four dimensions,we can find the game points of interest that affect the "cooperation and confrontation" in the operation of micro-governance,and adjust the matching of different levels of operation modules of this line.Do a good job in the docking and interaction of "individual and collective" "fairness and efficiency",reduce the risk of contradictions between different subjects,and weaken the overall micro-governance risk.That is to make up for the shortcomings of the original autonomous structure and strengthen the collaborative governance framework;Synergize and integrate differentiated values to cultivate an open and compatible governance participation environment;Build an intelligent micro-transaction system,expand the "Internet + micro-governance" platform,and improve participation efficiency;Pay attention to the combination of multiple scenes and targets to promote the effective inter-embedding of the overall operating structure in the "point-line-surface",and shape the micro-control internal and external tensions.Then promote the effectiveness of microgovernance,truly realize the virtuous circle of micro-autonomy and micro-negotiation.