Research On The Graduation Rate Of Chinese University

University graduation rate is an important international index to measure teaching performance and a key observation point to measure the quality of university education.However,due to the different national conditions and the higher education systems,there are significant differences in the undergraduate graduation rate in different countries.The relationship between graduation rate and the quality of higher education has always been confusing,which affects the exploration of the real quality problem of higher education reflected in the undergraduate graduation rate.From the global perspective,there are three characteristics of the undergraduate graduation rate:country difference,college difference and individual difference.For example,the undergraduate graduation rate(within the length of schooling)is less than 40%in the United States and France,and the undergraduate graduation rate is 80%in the United Kingdom and Japan(within the length of schooling).Within the country,there are also differences in undergraduate graduation rates between different types of colleges and individual students.Different from the world experience,the current situation of undergraduate graduation rate in China is generally high(98%on average is higher than that of any OECD member country)and there is little difference between colleges(there is no obvious difference between different types of universities in undergraduate graduation rate).At present,the high graduation rate of college students in China has been questioned.In order to trace the root of the problem,it is necessary to respond to the nature of the graduation rate of college students and its relationship with the quality of higher education,reveal the nature of the graduation rate of college students in China.It is found that the nature of undergraduate graduation rate and its relationship with education quality is very complicated.In essence,the undergraduate graduation rate,that is,the degree of achievement of the students' talent cultivation goals,and the quality of education is reflected in the satisfaction degree of the value demands of stakeholders.Therefore,objectively speaking,there is a "unary to multiple"relationship between undergraduate graduation rate and higher education quality,which may lead to contradictions.The so-called " unary " refers to that the graduation rate of undergraduates only means that the students have reached the goal of talent cultivation,and the appraisers are only university."Multivariate" means that the evaluators of higher education quality are multivariate stakeholders.The contradiction that the relationship between " unary" and "multiple factors" may lead to that the graduates rated "qualified" may not be recognized by other subjects.As a result,there may be a situation that the undergraduate graduation rate is high,but the quality of higher education is low,and vice versa.Therefore,it is not possible to judge the quality of higher education simply and linearly by the undergraduate graduation rate.The key is to see whether the formation of graduation rate of college graduates meets the following two conditions:first,strictly abide by the academic requirements of university and achieve the goal of talent cultivation;Second,to meet the diverse needs of stakeholders,and the establishment of talent training goals is the foremost;From this point of view,the above two conditions are closely related.The relationship between the undergraduate graduation rate and the quality of higher education,namely " unary to multiple ",requires the study on the undergraduate graduation rate of from the perspective of complexity and pluralism.Under the guidance of "system theory","stakeholder theory" and "university impact theory",this study explores the formation mechanism of the undergraduate graduation rate in China from the external system environment and internal management of universy.Under the guidance of "quality connotation analysis framework of undergraduate graduation rate",this study found that external forces such as the government,the market and the society put forward their own value demands to higher education and acted on the university to different degrees directly or indirectly through various ways and means.The management thinking and mode formed by the government in the era of planned economy still dominates the management of education in higher level of China,which is reflected in the simple and uniform rigid evaluation system of education administrative department and performance education funds allocation mechanism.The promotion of "education standard,in the employment market still restricts the school-running behavior of colleges and universities,which is reflected in the requirements of various social enterprises and institutions on "double certificates" when students apply for jobs.The traditional cultural concept of Chinese society still exerts a strong influence on the development of universities and plays an indispensable role in society.Under the influence of these factors,Chinese universities have to pursue high undergraduate graduation rate and even take some measures that they know are wrong,such as the system of "clear examination".Therefore,the formation of undergraduate graduation rate in China is a complex process involving multiple subjects,and the current situation of undergraduate graduation rate has a strong historical continuity.It is foreseeable that,if relevant reform measures are not taken,undergraduate graduation rate will still maintain a high trend in the future.The logical relationship between undergraduate graduation rate and higher education quality "unary to multiple",the historical continuity of the formation university graduation rate of China and the multiple influencing factors indicate that the problem of undergraduate graduation rate "surface problem"-the university internal existing in the teaching management of "lack of rigour" or "not enough flexibility",some students failed to meet the academic requirements or talents training target of university,which violates the essence of undergraduate graduation rate.The essence of the problem of undergraduate graduation rate in China is that under the administrative management system,the "planned" higher education cannot meet the diversified needs of "marketability",resulting in the quality of talent training cannot meet the needs of multiple stakeholders.According to the essence of the undergraduate graduation rate and the nature of the problem of the university graduation rate in China,the solution to the problem of the undergraduate graduation rate in China requires two legs.The coordination and support of all parties in the external society of the higher education system,especially the "streamlining administration and delegating power" of education administrative department.From the perspective of quality,the fundamental solution to the problem of undergraduate graduation rate in China lies in harmonizing the relationship between the government,universitty and society,so as to achieve mutual integration and symbiosis.