Research On The Impact Of Science And Technology Talents Policy On Regional Innovation Performance

Nowadays,China's development has changed from the “Era of Quality” to the “Era of Quantity”.The extensive pattern of economic growth,based on low-cost labor,lands and other traditional factors,has no longer been suitable for the comprehensive construction of socialist modern country and the realistic needs of sustainable and healthy economic development.Thus,it needs to be transformed into a development mode driven by human capital and technological innovation.Innovation is the primary driving force for development,and innovation-driven has become the key to determining the destiny of a country.Scientific and technological innovation activities cannot be separated from the intellectual support of scientific and technological talents,which are the primary strategic resource for a powerful country of science and technology.The policies of scientific and technological talents promote the construction of a powerful country of science and technology.As an important institutional guarantee for innovation activities,the science and technology talents policy has been positioned at an important location in national talent strategy.In recent years,a series of talent policies have been issued,and a series of talents projects have been implemented.Various regions of China also attach great importance to the construction of the policy system for scientific and technological talents,and have introduced a series of policies and supporting measures to promote the development of scientific and technological talents in combination with the reality of economic and social development.However,the policy-making capabilities,the attitude towards talents,and the supporting abilities vary in different regions,so the effects of the science and technology talents policy are bound to be different.Analyzing how science and technology talent policies affect regional innovation performance is helpful to grasp the key points of improving and perfecting the science and technology talents policies and summarize the effective paths to improve the performance of science and technology talents policy.Beginning with the characteristics of Chinese science and technology talents policy and scientific and technological innovation,and their relationship,this thesis analyzes the directly effects,spatial spillover effects,and the heterogeneity of the effects of the science and technology talents policy on regional innovation performance based on the innovation theory,the national innovation system theory and the human capital theory.And then this thesis takes talent agglomeration,labor costs and knowledge agglomeration as intervening variables,and analyzes the indirect effects of science and technology talents policy on regional innovation performance.Utilizing web-crawler technology,the thesis collects the science and technology talents policy from the policy database of provincial government websites and establishes a private database of talents policy.The thesis measures the science and technology talents policy from following five dimensions,the introduction,training,incentive,management and guarantee of scientific and technological talents through the formulation of quantitative standards of science and technology talents policy.Based in these requisite preparations,the thesis analyzes the impact and mechanism of science and technology talents policy on regional innovation performance taking five types of science and technology talents policy as the core explanatory variables and regional innovation performance as the explanatory variables.The empirical research results show that:(1)Generally,the science and technology talents policy are conducive to improving regional innovation performance.Firstly,within two years after the implementation of the science and technology talents policy,the policies of talent introduction,talent training and talent incentive all have obviously contributed to the improvement of regional innovation performance.The effects of talent introduction policies have always been the strongest,while the effects of talent management policies and talent guarantee policies on regional innovation performance is relatively limited.Secondly,compared with innovation vitality and innovation quantity,a more powerful science and technology talents policy is conducive to improving the quality of regional innovation.Thirdly,two years later,the role of the system of science and technology talents policy began to become prominent.At this time,all types of science and technology talents policy were helpful to improve the regional innovation performance.Fourthly,three years later,the promotion effects of various science and technology talents policy on regional innovation performance were no longer obvious,and only the talents introduction policies and the talents guarantee policies still have certain promotion effects on regional innovation performance.These results indicate that talent introduction policies have better sustainability compared with other types of science and technology talents policy.Although it comes later,the effects of talent guarantee policies on innovation performance still have better effects in the later period.(2)Science and technology talents policy has spatial spillover effects on regional innovation performance.Talent introduction policies,talent training policies,and talent incentive policies have spatial spillover effects on regional innovation performance.science and technology talents policy can not only improve the regional innovation performance,but also promote the improvement of the regional innovation performance in the vicinity through the spatial spillover effects.(3)Talent agglomeration,labor costs and knowledge stock have a mediating effect on the impact of science and technology talents policy on regional innovation performance.Firstly,from the perspective of the impact on innovation quality,talent concentration,labor costs and knowledge stock mainly have partial mediating effects on the impact of science and technology talents policy on regional innovation quality.However,labor cost has a complete mediating effect on the influence of talent incentive policies and talent management policies on regional innovation quality,and knowledge stock also has a complete mediating effect on the influence of talent management policies on regional innovation quality.Secondly,from the perspective of the impact on the innovation quantity,talent agglomeration and knowledge stock have a partial mediating effect on the impact of science and technology talents policy on the regional innovation quantity,while labor costs have a complete mediating effect on the impact of science and technology talents policy on the regional innovation quantity.(4)The effects of science and technology talents policy on regional innovation performance is heterogeneous.Firstly,in the eastern China,all types of science and technology talents policy can effectively improve regional innovation performance,but in the central and western China,the promotion effects were not obvious.Secondly,the differences of the impact of science and technology talents policy on innovation performance of different innovation subjects were mainly reflected in the impact of talent incentive policies and talent guarantee policies on R&D institutions.Talent incentive policies have an obvious effect on the improvement of innovation performance of other innovation entities,but it has no effect on R&D institutions.On the other hand,the talent guarantee policies have no effect on the improvement of innovation performance of other innovation entities,but has a significant promoting effect on the innovation quantity of R&D institutions.Based on the above research conclusions and the current practice,the thesis has obtained following specific policy implications: Firstly,the quality of innovation can be improved through the substantive innovation,which are encouraged by the science and technology talents policies.Secondly,it is necessary to perfect the talent environment and constantly improve the policy system for science and technology talents.Thirdly,the transmission mechanism of science and technology talents policy to innovation performance should be smoothed.Fourthly,the regional heterogeneity and innovation entity heterogeneity should be fully considered in the formulation of science and technology talents policy.Fifth,the government should effectively improve the abilities of policy implementation and policy effectiveness.