Research On The Impact Of Targeted Poverty Alleviation On Employment

China's targeted poverty alleviation strategy and policy practice have made outstanding achievements in solving the problem of absolute poverty in rural areas and made significant contributions to the world's poverty reduction.This paper focuses on the era theme of targeted poverty alleviation since the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China,combines targeted poverty alleviation and employment promotion,analyzes the impact mechanism and practical effect of targeted poverty alleviation on employment promotion by using sociological,economic methods,labor market and anti-poverty theory on the basis of existing research at home and abroad.This paper discusses how to solve the employment problem of the poor through the empirical research of Sichuan's regional targeted poverty alleviation,so as to realize the poverty alleviation and the sustainable development of economy and society.This study focuses on the theme of targeted poverty alleviation to promote labor employment,and is carried out in accordance with the ideas of problem proposal-theoretical basis-current situation analysis-impact mechanism-empirical research-countermeasures and suggestions.On the basis of a comprehensive review of domestic and foreign research status,this paper constructs the theoretical framework of this paper with the support of anti-poverty,labor employment and sustainable development theory.Then,combined with the poverty,employment status and the practice of targeted poverty alleviation policies in China,this paper analyzes the impact mechanism of targeted poverty alleviation on employment.At the same time,on the basis of the framework of the impact mechanism,from the perspective of macro,meso and micro,from the three dimensions of employment scale,employment structure and employment quality,this paper comprehensively analyzes the economic influence and effect of industrial poverty alleviation and transfer employment poverty alleviation.Then,taking Sichuan Province as an example,using micro data and statistical data such as agricultural census,poverty monitoring and statistical yearbook,we carried out regional empirical research on the impact of targeted poverty alleviation on employment,and analyzed and evaluated the implementation effect of targeted poverty alleviation on employment.Finally,the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to solve the problem of full employment and sustainable development of the poor in China,and prospects the future research direction.The paper consists of nine parts.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:Chapter One: introduction.This paper mainly expounds the research background and significance,the main research content and structure arrangement,the technical route and research methods,the innovation points and possible shortcomings of the paper.This paper not only systematically combs the existing theoretical research achievements,but also conducts empirical analysis and innovative research at the macro and micro levels,aiming to provide a feasible research paradigm for poverty,employment and sustainable development,which is of great theoretical significance;at the same time,it provides reference for Party committees and governments at all levels to establish a long-term mechanism and scientific decision-making for poverty alleviation and employment promotion.Chapter Two: literature review and theoretical basis.On the basis of reviewing and summarizing the research literature at home and abroad,this paper combs the theoretical basis of this paper.First,comprehensively combing the theories of poverty and anti-poverty of Marx,Myrdal,Nelson,Amartya Sen,etc.,accurately grasping the research position,research perspective and research direction of precise poverty alleviation practice research,and providing theoretical support for the classification of disease-specific strategies and improving the endogenous development ability of the poor.The second is to focus on labor market segmentation,human capital,employment discrimination,rational choice and other theories on labor employment,which provides a meaningful theoretical framework and analytical thinking for the study of labor market and employment issues under the practice of targeted poverty alleviation in China.The third is to emphasize the theory of economic growth and sustainable development,so as to provide theoretical support for China to correctly deal with the relationship between economic development,poverty alleviation and ecological protection,solve the sustainable livelihood of the poor areas and the poor population,build a long-term mechanism for poverty alleviation and prosperity,and realize the sustainable development of economic and social ecology.Chapter Three: the current situation of rural poverty,employment and the practice of targeted poverty alleviation in China.This part mainly combs the current situation of rural poverty and employment in China and the development and evolution of the practice of targeted poverty alleviation,focusing on the analysis of the poverty and employment situation in the western poor areas,and makes a comparative analysis of rural poverty and employment in terms of time,space and structure,so as to lay a good foundation for the logic,effect and regional empirical research of the impact of targeted poverty alleviation on employment.It is found that the problem of deep poverty in the western region of China is still serious.More than half of the rural poor are concentrated in the western region and the "three districts and three prefectures" deep poverty areas.The income of the poor has been significantly improved,but the gap between the poverty and the national average level is still large,only 70% of the national per capita income of rural residents.The proportion of rural employment in China has declined,but the scale of rural labor force,especially the total number of migrant workers,is still large.The number and proportion of local and nearby employment have increased.90% of the labor force in poverty-stricken areas is concentrated in the secondary and tertiary industries.The western region is the key area for targeted poverty alleviation and employment promotion;targeted poverty alleviation promotes the rural residents to choose jobs nearby as a new choice.It provides a new way for the rural poor to achieve stable employment and sustainable development.Chapter Four: the impact mechanism and practical effect of targeted poverty alleviation on employment.This part mainly discusses the impact mechanism and practical effect of targeted poverty alleviation on employment from the macro perspective and the national level.The influence path of poverty alleviation on employment is carried out along the line of "the emergence of the poor-the analysis of the causes of poverty-the implementation of poverty alleviation and development-the key development of industrial poverty alleviation and the transfer of employment-the expansion of employment scale-the optimization of employment structure-the improvement of employment quality-the stable poverty alleviation and the prevention of poverty return-the realization of sustainable development".Poverty alleviation is an important way to solve the employment problem of the poor.Employment promotion is a strategic measure reflecting the effect of targeted poverty alleviation.Targeted poverty alleviation can achieve sustainable economic and social development through employment promotion.The impact of targeted poverty alleviation on employment is mainly through increasing the investment in education,training and human capital to improve the employability of poor labor force;to expand the employment scale by developing characteristic poverty alleviation industry and increasing employment posts;to optimize the employment structure of poor labor force by adjusting the industrial structure,industrial structure and urban-rural structure;to improve the quality of employment for the poor by increasing employment,income employment welfare and job stability,creating opportunities for development.The study found that through a series of measures of industrial poverty alleviation and employment transfer poverty alleviation,tens of millions of poor labor force across the country achieved employment and stable poverty alleviation;targeted poverty alleviation promoted the transfer of rural poor people to urban,secondary and tertiary industries.Targeted poverty alleviation has a significant positive leading role in employment quality.It has played an important role in increasing employment income,improving the level of welfare,maintaining stable work and career development for the poor.Chapter Five: the policy practice of targeted poverty alleviation and employment promotion in Sichuan.Based on the analysis of the impact mechanism and effect of national targeted poverty alleviation on employment,Sichuan is selected as the case of regional empirical study to summarize and sort out the policy practice of targeted poverty alleviation,focusing on the analysis of the effect of industrial poverty alleviation and transfer employment poverty alleviation policy practice on poor people's employment promotion,so as to lay a good foundation for the following micro empirical analysis.It is found that the policy system of targeted poverty alleviation and development in Sichuan Province is relatively complete,and a series of industrial and employment transfer policies have been launched.By developing characteristic poverty alleviation industries and employment transfer,more than 3 million people have been lifted out of poverty and increased income,and more than 6 million poor people have been reduced.Sichuan adheres to the principle of leading poverty alleviation through industry,vigorously develops poverty alleviation industries with special features in poverty-stricken areas,gives full play to the leading role of new-type agricultural operation entities,attaches importance to the brand building of agricultural products,enhances the support and guarantee of poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken areas.We resolutely fight for poverty alleviation through employment by promoting local and nearby employment,carrying out the export of organized labor services,supporting the independent entrepreneurship of poverty-stricken labor force,strengthening the basic resettlement through the public welfare post and training free vocational skills.Chapter Six to Eight: Empirical Research on the employment effect of targeted poverty alleviation in Sichuan.Based on the previous macro and regional perspective research,full use of Sichuan Agricultural Census,Rural Revitalization monitoring,88 county data of poverty-stricken counties and statistical yearbook data over the years,from the three levels of county,village and farmers,using static panel data model and multivariate linear regression model,carry out regional empirical study on the impact of employment scale,employment structure and employment quality in poverty-stricken areas by targeted poverty alleviation especially the implementation of industry and employment transfer poverty alleviation.It aims to explore the effective path of targeted poverty alleviation to promote employment quality and achieve sustainable development.The empirical results show that targeted poverty alleviation has significant impact on the employment structure and quality;in terms of the employment absorption of agriculture operation entities,the impact of large-scale professional households and leading enterprises in promoting poor employment and the withdrawal of poor villages is not obvious,but the relatively small-scale family farms and professional cooperatives have significantly improved the probability of the village's exit from poverty.Farmers' professional cooperatives have a significant impact on non-agricultural employment and out of town employment.This paper puts forward different employment poverty alleviation policies for different production and operation entities,which mainly incline to the entities like farmers' professional cooperatives and family farms,which can promote the employment and income increase of the poor labor force,focus on agricultural related training and appropriately encourage the labor force to go out to work.Chapter Nine: conclusion,suggestion and prospect.This part is to summarize and refine the main points and conclusions.Based on the empirical analysis of the impact of targeted poverty alleviation on the employment scale,employment structure and employment quality,it summarizes the research conclusions,discusses the countermeasures and suggestions,and puts forward the places not covered in this paper and the future research prospects.The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in three aspects: first,the innovation of research theme and perspective.Targeted poverty alleviation and employment promotion are both important livelihood projects in China.This paper combines targeted poverty alleviation and employment promotion to analyze the theoretical relationship and mechanism between them.From the macro,meso and micro perspectives and three dimensions of employment scale,employment structure and employment quality,it analyzes the impact logic,impact path and practical effect of targeted poverty alleviation on employment.It provides a feasible research paradigm for poverty,employment and sustainable development.Second,research data innovation.Policies related to targeted poverty alleviation and employment promotion are involved at all levels from the central government to the local government,and relevant data are reflected from the macro level to the micro level.This paper combs all kinds of poverty alleviation policies in detail,makes full use of all kinds of survey statistical data,not only uses the macro data at the national and regional level to describe,but also carries out empirical analysis from the medium and micro perspectives of counties,villages,farmers,etc.,especially makes full use of the micro survey data such as the Third National Agricultural Census of Sichuan Province,Rural Revitalization monitoring,poverty survey,etc.It has verified the impact logic of targeted poverty alleviation and employment promotion in a multi-level and all-round way.Therefore,in terms of research data arrangement and use,this paper has some innovation.Third,the application innovation of research conclusion.Different from the individual measures and suggestions,based on the basic idea of poverty alleviation and employment coordinated promotion,this paper integrates the practical needs of poverty alleviation,employment promotion and regional sustainable development,and proposes to adhere to the "Three Focuses".That is to promote poverty alleviation precisely,to achieve stable poverty alleviation through employment,and to achieve long-term poverty alleviation through development.We should not only introduce general policies and measures at the national and macro level,but also introduce targeted employment promotion measures at different levels;we should not only pay attention to the poverty alleviation of the rural poor,but also expand the scope of poverty alleviation in time to achieve the overall promotion of urban and rural poverty alleviation.We put forward some suggestions that the employment poverty alleviation policy inclines to the farmers' professional cooperatives,family farms that can promote the employment and income increase of the poor labor force.From the perspective of the application of research results,this paper has some innovation.The impact of targeted poverty alleviation on employment is reflected in all aspects.Limited by data and research level,the analysis of the relationship between poverty alleviation and employment and the impact mechanism is not clear,the empirical analysis of employment quality is not deep,and the research on relative poverty and urban poverty is not enough,which needs further in-depth analysis and empirical test.