The Analysis Of Rural Basic Public Service System

China is the largest developing country in the world with more prominent national poverty. With the reform and opening up as well as the fast development of national economy, the government has begun to implement a planned mass poverty reduction plan, thus China's poor population is rapidly reducing. According to the poverty line published by the Chinese government, from1978to2010, the rural poverty population reduced from250million to26.88million. Within such a short period, China makes so many people out of poverty, its achievements in the field of poverty alleviation turn out to be unprecedented. Despite the great achievements of China's poverty alleviation, the current China's poverty alleviation task is not done in many aspects, even will become more difficult in some ways. The poverty nature gradually changed and the efficiency of development-oriented poverty reduction and economic poverty reduction is increasingly lower, and thus the economic and social development presents new requirements to the poverty reduction. Lack of basic public service has become the outstanding factor of new-stage poverty and repoverty, so, in the "China's Rural Poverty Alleviation and Development Program (2011-2020),"clearly put forward to make"the indexes of basic public service in main areas close to the national average so as to reverse development gap trend" in the poverty-stricken areas. Therefore, making basic public service system disentangle from the perspective of system and mechanism and advancing the establishment of basic public service system is of great significance. Therefore, this research, from the perspective of fiscal system of rural basic public services, hopes to embed the poverty reduction goal with the system of rural basic public services and makes basic public services benefit the poor, so as to meet the needs of the anti-poverty work in the new period, establish the anti-poverty system and improve the efficiency of anti-poverty.The first part is literature review and theoretical analysis, including chapter one and chapter two. Chapter one disentangles the existing literature from two respects:poverty analysis and rural basic public services. The study finds that the current poverty alleviation mostly concentrates on development-oriented poverty alleviation and inspects the impact of the economic growth and income distribution on the poverty alleviation, but remains deeper analysis of the relations between the basic public services and poverty and poverty alleviation as well as the relations between the basic public service policy and development-oriented poverty alleviation. The second chapter includes relevant concepts and basic theories and comprehensively summarizes the relevant definitions of poverty and rural bacis public service explains the difference from the urban basic public services. In the meanwhile, it disentangling the basic theories of basic public theories and poverty alleviation and concludes that basic public service delivery should be based upon the human capital accumulation and lays stress on cultivating the self-development ability of the poverty-stricken population. This part theoretically analyzes the relationship between the rural basic public services and poverty alleviation, thinks that there exists corresponding relations between basic public service projects and poverty indicator systems basic public service is not only an important means of poverty reduction policy itself, but also can promote long-term poverty reduction mechanism. Basic public services, from four aspects influencing factors:poverty reduction effects improving the quality of economic growth, increase agricultural productivity in poor areas, improving the ability of poor population development, affects poverty reduction.The second part is the international reference and enlightenment part, including chapter three. This part reviews the policy of basic public services in rural America, Australia, Japan, India and other countries, summing up the experience of countries and its enlightenment to our country, thinks that the basic public service is the important method of reducing poverty and finance plays the key role in it.The third part is the course of development-oriented rural poverty alleviation and anti-poverty policy change research in our country, including the fourth chapter. The limitations of the current rural poverty alleviation mode and the evolution of's poverty nature as well as the new economic and social development situation require the adjustment of poverty alleviation policies in. The main task of the development-oriented poverty alleviation in our country has shifted from adequate food and clothing to improve the ability to develop and narrow the development gap. Anti-poverty policies should also be based on development-oriented poverty alleviation advancing the development-oriented poverty alleviation organically combined with equal basic public service policy, bringing the poverty alleviation goal into the rural basic public service system.The fourth part is the basic logic and path of basic public services and poverty alleviation, including chapter5.Promoting poverty reduction in rural basic public services focuses on improving the practical ability of the poor and the main way is to bring poverty reduction goals into rural basic public services system. The promotion of basic public services in poverty reduction needs to reflect poverty reduction requirements in three aspects:input, supply and consumption and system securityInput stage mainly depend on financial capital allocation and investment in the process of leaning to poverty-stricken areas and the poor, the supply and consumption stages rely mainly on considering the poor demand. System security mainly reflects in the equalization-oriented promotion of the reform of fiscal system. This part also analyzes the public finances in the orientation and the main means, disentangling the main basic public services to promote poverty reduction policy.The fifth part is to analyze the empirical analysis of the rural basic public services and poverty reduction, including chapter6.This chapter from the perspective of quantitative analysis of the relationship between rural basic public services and poverty, studies have shown that the basic health care and social security plays an important role in poverty reduction, poverty, and rural fundamental education and infrastructure is necessary and basic conditions for the role of the rural poverty reduction. Current our country rural basic public service system supply insufficiency, the equalization between urban and rural areas, regional supply and provide cost differences big problems, these problems have hindered the development of the rural poverty reduction.The sixth part is the analysis of the causes of problems of rural basic public services system, including chapter7.This part from the point of view of financial analysis of the basic public service system in rural areas in China the root of the problem, don't think the financial system of perfect basic public services is one of the main reasons.The seventh part is about the policy recommendations, including chapter8.This part of the claim according to China's economic development level and financial resources, the rural basic public service system in China must advance according to the disequilibrium, differentiation method. Rural basic public service supply coverage since the childhood; Public service standards should be from low to high; Equal area equal to area in the process, and a nationwide unified planning. This chapter, the equal basic public services construction target can be divided into two subgoals:basic public service projects benefiting the poor and enhancing the basic public service delivery in poverty-stricken areas and three stages(short-term, mid-term and long-term).Then, this part from two aspects:policy and rural poverty reduction in rural basic public services and advacing the fiscal system reform of poverty reduction by the rural basic public services puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations. Blend in poverty reduction policy of rural basic public services system, the emphasis is on in all public policy or implementation in the process of the reform of the system take into account the need to expand the content of the poverty alleviation and the poor areas. Advacing the fiscal system reform of poverty reduction by the rural basic public services needs transforming the functions of governments the rural basic public services equalization system design is based on the reasonable division of basic public service expenditure responsibility, establish a classification of funding and general transfer payments to give priority to, special transfer payments as the auxiliary system of transfer payments, and build constraint and incentive mechanism, Promote the diversifications of the basic public service delivery in rural areas.