| The problem of "poverty and environment" is still a challenge in the economic and social development of the countries along the Belt and Road.On the one hand,the polarization between high-income and the other countries is deteriorating;on the other hand,global warming,ozone layer destruction,biodiversity reduction,forest decline,land desertification,environmental pollution and many other ecological problems are also threatening the "Belt and Road" initiative.As an international green development initiative that deeply integrates the "Belt and Road" initiative with the green development concept,Green "Belt and Road" is an important platform for China to provide green solutions and share the consequences of green development for the world.In April 2017,the guidance on promoting the construction of Green "Belt and Road ",jointly issued by China's Ministry of Ecological and Environmental Protection,Ministry of Foreign Affairs,State Development and Reform Commission and Ministry of Commerce,further clarified the overall requirements,main tasks and organizational guarantees for the construction of Green " Belt and Road " and became a programmatic document to promote the construction of Green " Belt and Road ",marking the entry of Green "Belt and Road" into a comprehensive construction stage.Green "Belt and Road" not only brings new opportunities for countries along the route to achieve the goal of sustainable development,but also brings new logic and connotation to the concept of green development in global problem governance.Therefore,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to analyze the internal mechanism of Green "Belt and Road" from the perspective of economics,to calculate and analyze the development efficiency and driving factors of Green "Belt and Road" at the present stage to enrich and perfect the theoretical system of Green "Belt and Road" and to promote Green "Belt and Road" to go deeply.This paper first summarizes the economic theoretical basis of Green "Belt and Road" by combing the related research of Green "Belt and Road" at present,and analyzes the theoretical logic and practical logic behind the generation of Green "Belt and Road ".On this basis,the economic connotation of Green "Belt and Road" is explained from three aspects: core meaning,main content and important task,and the basic characteristics of Green "Belt and Road" are summarized.Secondly,the economic mechanism of Green "Belt and Road" is analyzed from three aspects: micro market green,middle industry green and macro system green,and the internal mechanism theory system of Green "Belt and Road" is constructed.It is considered that "Belt and Road" green trade," Belt and Road " green investment and " Belt and Road " environmental regulation are the main driving factors of Green " Belt and Road" at micro,middle and macro levels.Thirdly,based on the "input-output" analysis framework,the Green "Belt and Road" development efficiency measurement system including non-expected output is constructed.The development efficiency of Green "Belt and Road" in 43 sample countries in 2010-2017 is measured.Based on the comparative analysis of the final measurement results from the horizontal,vertical,national and regional levels,and as the explained variables,the panel Tobit model is used to analyze the above three kinds of drivers.Finally,based on the results of theoretical and empirical analysis,this paper puts forward some constructive countermeasures and suggestions from different perspectives,such as micro,middle and macro,so as to enable the high quality development of "Belt and Road" in Green.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:Firstly,The economic connotation of green "Belt and Road" is mainly guided by Xi Jinping's thought of ecological civilization,taking the concept of green development as the core meaning,taking the micro level market green,the middle level industry green,and the macro level system green as the main contents.The aim is to gradually alleviate the problem of "poverty and environment" in countries along the route,promote the coordinated development of various regions,help countries along the route to implement the goal of sustainable development,and realize the global green development initiative of "Double-Win" economic development and ecological protection.Secondly,The economic mechanism of Green "Belt and Road" is mainly manifested in three aspects: micro,middle and macro.From the micro level,the individuals,enterprises and governments of the countries along the route,driven by the green trade of "Belt and Road ",gradually form the " source power " of green consumption and green production,and finally form the pattern of " benign internal and external double circulation ",and accelerate the process of micro market.From the middle level,the green nature of Green "Belt and Road" industry is the gradual "substitution" of clean industry to polluting industry,and finally realizes the green industry ecology of "Double-Win" industry development and ecological protection.In this process," Belt and Road " green investment has an important driving effect on local green technology innovation through technology spillover effect,thus realizing the sustainability of green industry replacement.From the macro level,with the help of decentralized competition equilibrium model,it is found that "Belt and Road" environmental regulation has a certain role in promoting the green development of micro-market,middle-industry and macro-economy,and the green informal system with the construction of "green destiny community" as the main content can be used as a beneficial supplement to the "Belt and Road" environmental regulation in the process of macro-system greening.Thirdly,from the overall trend,the development efficiency of green "Belt and Road" is relatively small,but the overall efficiency level is low,but there is still room and potential for further improvement.Fourthly,based on the panel Tobit model,it is found that the three driving factors of micro "Belt and Road" green trade,middle "Belt and Road" green investment and macro "Belt and Road" environmental regulation are positively promoted by the three driving factors.Through endogenous problem handling and robustness test,all benchmark regression conclusions are still robust.In addition,geographical location heterogeneity will also affect the driving role of various factors to a certain extent,which needs to be paid attention to in the process of practical operation.Fifthly,based on the conclusion of theoretical and empirical analysis,the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward: firstly,based on the micro perspective,we should promote the "Belt and Road" market greening from three aspects: strengthening the "Belt and Road" green trade driving role,speeding up the green production transformation of enterprises along the route and improving the green trade environment along the route;secondly,based on the middle perspective,we should promote the "Belt and Road" green investment driving role,helping the local green technology progress and promoting the high quality development of green industry along the route;Thirdly,based on the macro perspective,we should speed up the construction of "Belt and Road" green development system through innovating the environmental regulation measures of "Belt and Road",spreading the concept of "Green Destiny Community" and perfecting the implementation mechanism of "Belt and Road" green system. |
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