Study On The Effect Of International Rules Of Overseas Farmland Investment

With the outbreak of food crisis,financial crisis and energy crisis,a wave of transnational investment in land has been set off in the world,which is called overseas farmland investment by scholars.In recent years,both in the scale of investment and in the area covered,overseas farmland investment has made great progress.With the rapid expansion of overseas farmland investment scale,a series of problems such as investment opacity,infringement of small-scale farmers’ rights and interests,destruction of ecological environment and breeding of corruption are exposed.These problems not only cause the host country’s resistance to overseas farmland investment projects,but also cause widespread concern of the international community.Under this background,initiated by some developed investment countries and led by major international organizations,a number of policy instruments in the field of overseas farmland investment were formulated,negotiated and promulgated with high efficiency,which laid the legal foundation for international rules in the field of overseas farmland investment.Under the upsurge of overseas farmland investment,facing the increasingly severe situation of food security at home and abroad,China has long been involved in it.The introduction of relevant international rules can not only improve the investment environment of overseas farmland,but also become the reason and basis for developed countries to restrict the emerging investment countries.Based on this,this study adopts the method of combining theoretical analysis and empirical test,and on the basis of carefully combing the composition,evolution and characteristics of the international rules of overseas farmland investment,in-depth analysis of the mechanism and actual effect of the impact of international rules on overseas farmland investment,and discusses the deficiencies and improvement path of the existing international rules of overseas farmland investment,so as to provide references for the state to participate in the formulation of international rules Guide enterprises to use international rules to invest in overseas farmland to provide a theoretical basis.The main contents include:（1）This paper summarizes the background and current situation of overseas farmland investment,and on this basis,summarizes a series of problems arising from the rapid development of overseas farmland investment.Economic globalization and the rise of Neo liberalism are the realistic background of large-scale overseas farmland investment boom in recent years.Food crisis,financial crisis and energy crisis are the catalysts for the rapid expansion of investment scale.Compared with overseas colonization activities in colonial period,modern overseas farmland investment is different from colonial activities in terms of investment purpose,farmland acquisition mode and operation mode.From the perspective of time dimension,overseas farmland investment developed rapidly from 2000 to 2008,from 2009 to 2015,overseas farmland investment developed steadily.and after2016,the scale of development tends to accelerate.From the perspective of spatial distribution,Africa,South America and Asia are the main regions of overseas farmland investment,among which Africa and South America are the most concentrated regions of overseas farmland investment projects;while overseas farmland investment has achieved rapid development,it also exposes a series of problems,initiated by some developed countries and led by major international organizations,a series of overseas cultivated land investment projects have been formulated and issued International rules and instruments in the field of investment have an important impact on the development of overseas cultivated land investment.（2）Starting from the concept and system of international investment law,this paper sorts out the composition and system of international rules for overseas farmland investment,and then reviews and analyzes the evolution path of the international rules of overseas farmland investment.On this basis,it studies the characteristics and development trend of overseas farmland investment by using content analysis method combined with relevant literature.The Constitution and system of international rules for overseas farmland investment can be divided into two parts: domestic law and international law.From the perspective of domestic law,the foreign investment law of the host country and the foreign investment law of the investing country have an impact and regulation on the overseas investment of farmland;from the perspective of international law,the legal regulations affecting overseas farmland investment can be distinguished from bilateral,regional and global levels.Looking back on the evolution path of international rules,we can see that the existing international rules are dominated by some developed countries,and the main international institutions prepare them according to the style of voluntary policy instruments.With the application and adoption of international rules by more and more countries and regions,it will gradually become the source of international customary law,and have a profound impact on the regulated objects.By using content analysis method to analyze typical international rules,we can see that food security,laws and regulations,special groups,supervision and accountability are the current international rules of overseas farmland investment Key issues of note.Finally,with the concept of sustainable development deeply rooted in the hearts of the people,environmental governance and ecological protection may be the focus of future international rules.（3）On the basis of combing,reviewing and summarizing the international rules,using the global overseas farmland investment data from 2000 to 2019,using double difference method,intermediary variable and basic panel model,this paper analyzes the mechanism of international rules affecting overseas farmland investment from two dimensions of host country and investment country,and conducts empirical test.From a theoretical point of view.The possible impacts of the existing international rules on overseas farmland investment include: raising the investment threshold,enhancing the uncertainty of investment projects,and improving the investment environment.The impact of international rules on the scale of overseas farmland investment has passed the significance test under the statistical level of 1%,and the sign is positive.Furthermore,we use land ownership as the intermediary variable to explore the interaction among international rules,land ownership and overseas farmland investment.The empirical results show that the interaction between international rules and land ownership has a significant and positive impact on overseas farmland investment,which indicates that the interaction between international rules and land ownership promotes the expansion of overseas farmland investment.（4）On the basis of the above analysis,this paper discusses the shortcomings of the existing international rules for overseas farmland investment,and puts forward the improvement path in the future.Finally,based on the research conclusion of the full text,based on China’s overseas farmland investment,from the two levels of the government and enterprises,puts forward the Countermeasures of China’s overseas farmland investment under the background of international rules.First of all,the existing international rules of overseas farmland investment have deficiencies in the system,implementation,supervision and the impact on the emerging overseas farmland investment.In the future,we can improve the international rules system,optimize the coordination mechanism,and strengthen publicity and supervision.Secondly,under the realistic background of the successive promulgation of the international rules,the Chinese government and overseas farmland investment have some shortcomings on the basis of understanding the existing international rules,investment enterprises should actively participate in the formulation of relevant international rules,guide enterprises to learn and understand international rules,and adhere to responsible investment.