The Study On Yiology In The Late Qing Dynasty

The development of the book of changes in the Qing Dynasty is unified with the overall development of the Academy in the Qing Dynasty.In the early Qing Dynasty,the Qing government continued the old system of yuan and Ming Dynasties and still took Cheng Zhu’s book of changes as the official school.The academic circles focused on the authenticity of song Confucian books and pointed out that the study of song Confucian books should be inherited from Taoism.The textual research methods used by scholars in the early Qing Dynasty established the direction for the development of Yi ology.Qianjia Yi study followed the path of Yi study in the early Qing Dynasty,climbed over the Song Yi and returned to the Yi study in the Han Dynasty.Huidong and Zhang Huiyan made the Grand View of the Han Yi reappear through the collation and interpretation of the Han Yi.JIAO Xun came from behind and rebuilt the Han Yi system through the invention of image number.In the late Qing Dynasty,the academic space that could be opened up by Qianjia and Hanyi gradually shrank.Although it still developed,it mostly repaired its predecessors,and its decline has appeared.At the same time,under the historical background of the fierce collision between ancient and modern China and the west,the development of the book of changes in the late Qing Dynasty contains the factors of the transition from tradition to modernity,which indicates the arrival of the transformation of the study of changes.The Yi study in the late Qing Dynasty is a necessary link in the transition from ancient Yi study to modern Yi study.The introduction introduces the position,characteristics and important value of the book of changes in the late Qing Dynasty in the whole history of the research and development of Chinese traditional book of changes,combs the existing research results in the academic circles,points out the shortcomings and authenticity of the current research on the thought of the book of changes in the late Qing Dynasty,and puts forward the research ideas and methods of this paper.The first chapter is an overview of the historical background and social environment of the book of changes in the late Qing Dynasty.At the time of the development of Chinese traditional society to Qianjia.the color of the prosperous era has faded,and the hidden social problems have begun to be exposed.Although emperor Jiaqing eliminated the harmony,the corruption that pervaded the whole officialdom did not stop.The disadvantages of the bureaucratic political system under the rule of traditional Chinese imperial power can not be easily solved by the emperor’s reform measures.The increasingly serious situation of land annexation and the rapid growth of population make the current situation of traditional society more and more volatile,with large and small uprisings and riots one after another.At the same time,with the rapid development of British industrial production,there is an urgent need to open up more commodity dumping markets and raw material supply places.In the trade with China,China has been in a super position for a long time,which is unacceptable to Britain,which originally came for profit.In order to reverse the trade disadvantage,British businessmen began to smuggle opium into China on a large scale,which eventually led to the outbreak of the Opium War.China’s blockaded gate was smashed by strong ships and sharp artillery,and generations of people of insight began to explore hard for China’s self-improvement.The second chapter is the introduction of the academic background of the book of changes in the late Qing Dynasty.To explore the development of Yi ology in the late Qing Dynasty,we need to have a basic understanding of the overall academic scale and development process of the Qing Dynasty.The academic development of the Qing Dynasty was based on the reflection and inheritance of the academic of the Ming Dynasty.The characteristic of academic development in the early Qing Dynasty was that scholars’ Reflection on the death of the Ming Dynasty led to the decline of Yangming’s psychology,the revival of Cheng Zhu’s theory,became the academic mainstream,the rise of practical thought,and some scholars began to return to classics,which laid the foundation for the study of Confucian classics in the Qing Dynasty.In the middle of the Qing Dynasty(Qianjia period),the academic development produced new characteristics,that is,Sinology(Confucian Classics Research)became the academic mainstream,while the development of Cheng Zhu Neo Confucianism declined.In the Daoguang period,there were new changes in the pattern of learning in the Qing Dynasty.Sinology began to decline.The learning of Song Dynasty was once booming,and the learning of modern literature and classics was revived.At the same time,Western learning began to flow into China on a large scale.The third chapter is about the study of Yu Yue’s Yi thought.Yu Yue followed the academic path of Sinology in the Qianlong and Jiaqing dynasties,emphasized the textual research of classics with exegesis,and put forward the basic methods of governing classics.that is,correcting sentences,reviewing the meaning of words,and passing on the fake borrowing of ancient texts.Yu Shizhi’s book of changes basically adopts these three methods to make a detailed analysis and interpretation of the controversial and divergent hexagrams and biographies in the book of changes.On the other hand,Yu Yue annotated the book of changes with image numbers,mostly following the image number style of his predecessors,and revealing the law of changes between yin and Yang from different angles.Among many image number styles,Yu Yue mostly used the methods of complexity,divination change and mutual body.The fourth chapter is about the study of PI Xirui’s Yi thought.As a modern Confucian classics scholar,PI Xirui believes that the whole history of Confucian classics for more than 2000 years was opened up by Confucius,"before Confucius,there must be no classics".He felt the serious national crisis in the late Qing Dynasty and believed that the whole society urgently needed reform,so he especially emphasized "change".PI’s view that the divinatory symbols in the book of changes were written by Confucius is the most personal view of Pi’s study of the book of changes.He also believed that the biography of Wei,the biography of Xiang and the biography of Wen yanzhuan in the book of changes were also written by Confucius."Confucius did it himself and explained it himself’.The fifth chapter is about the study of Zhang Taiyan’s thought of Yi.Zhang Taiyan interprets the book of changes from the perspectives of exegesis,sociology and Buddhism,reflecting the characteristics of the change of the study of the book of changes from traditional classics to modern scholarship.Zhang Taiyan’s scholarly approach is text exegesis and phonology.It can be said that the Qianjia Sinological tradition is the background of his academic system.He uses Sinological methods to exegesize some difficult words in the book of changes.He actively used the theories of modern sociology and human culture to explain the book of changes,trying to explore the evolutionary track of human society from the 64 trigrams.Zhang Taiyan.from the perspective of "the vastness of Yi Dao",demonstrates the possibility that Yi and Buddha can pass through,and explains Qian with alaiye and Kun with that understanding.The sixth chapter is about the study of Liu Shipei’s thought of Yi.Liu Shipei re examined the six classics from the perspective of modern discipline classification and believed that the six classics set by Confucius were actually the textbooks of Confucian education.According to the standard of dividing the whole history of Confucian classics into four periods.Liu Shipei also divided the history of Yi study into the teaching of Yi study in the Han Dynasty,the study of Yi in the Three Kingdoms,the northern and Southern Dynasties,the Sui and Tang Dynasties,the study of Yi in the song,yuan and Ming Dynasties,and the study of Yi in modern Confucianism.Liu Shipei carefully classified the contents of the book of changes in order to realize the communication between the book of changes and modern academia,and open up the orientation of the book of changes for practical use.The seventh chapter is about the study of Hang Xinzhai’s Yi thought.Hangxinzhaizhi’s book of changes integrates middle school,Western learning,image number and righteousness and theory.It does not set up a portal.It embraces both Han and Song Yi learning,re examines Chinese traditional Yi learning from a "world perspective",compares western modern natural science knowledge and ideological theories with Yi learning,and calls for the revival of the tradition of "image observation and device making" in Yi Dao.The conclusion points out that under the impact of Western learning,Chinese traditional society began to collapse and traditional culture began a long process of modernization.The Yi study in the late Qing Dynasty is a necessary link in the transition from ancient Yi study to modern Yi study.The discussion of Yi ology in the late Qing Dynasty will help us better understand the establishment of modern Yi ology and its future development direction.