| Since the reform and opening up of China,the rapid development of Chinese society has led to the emergence of new words.With the explosive development over the past four decades,China’s increasingly advanced science and technology are changing the daily lives of ordinary people,and modern Chinese society needs a quick and convenient way to express these changes.Affixes are unique morphemes derived from the derivation form of word formation.Due to their characteristics,affixes can easily produce new words on the basis of familiar concepts,words easy to understand and quickly accepted,so as to meet the communicative needs of different social groups.Chinese society gives strong cultural information to affixes when creating derivative words,so affixes transmit cultural information at a deeper level in the process of word formation.The transmission of this cultural information is an important feature of Chinese affixes,and the author believes that memetics can describe this phenomenon.The author comes from Argentina and is a native speaker of Spanish,which is a language rich in affixes,so the appearance of Chinese affixes caught the attention of the author.To understand Chinese affixes,one must have a certain understanding of Chinese culture.The author believes that compared with Spanish,Chinese affixes play a much greater role in cultural transmission,which is also a prominent feature of Chinese affixes,so as "language memes" in "memetics".Although Chinese and Spanish belong to different language families,the affixes of the two languages are comparable from the semantic point of view.Under the theoretical framework of grammaticalization,linguistic worldview pluralism and memetics,this paper uses semantic feature analysis to analyze 78 Chinese affixes and79 Spanish affixes at the linguistic and cultural levels,and then uses contrastive analysis to find the contrast and uniqueness of these two types of affixes,that is,the commonality and individuality of the two languages.The main research methods are combination of analysis and contrast,description and explanation,synchronic and diachronic,and qualitative and quantitative.The author believes that the study of this paper has high academic value and also a practical value.Affix,as an important grammatical and lexical component of languages,plays an important role in the understanding of the internal structure and form of expression of languages.At the same time,the comparative study of affixes in two different languages can provide important reference for the discussion of language contact,language evolution and cultural transmission.The content of this paper is divided into ten chapters:The first chapter is the introduction.It mainly explains the origin of the topic,research significance,research methods,theoretical basis,research ideas,research status and the source of corpus in detail.The second chapter is the definition,scope and classification of affixes in this paper.In the first part,the author discusses the definition of affixes,explains the word formation of Chinese and Spanish,the characteristics of affixes proposed by scholars and the relationship between affixes and memes.Later,in order to define the scope of affixes,the author puts forward a comprehensive criterion for affixes,and then divides affixes into seven categories according to semantic meaning: spatial affixes,temporal affixes,quantitative affixes,degree affixes,negative affixes,intentionality affixes,and affixes indicating people.Chapter three to chapter nine discusses each category respectively,the core content of this paper,is the analysis,comparison and difference of affixes for each category.Each chapter has the same framework.In the first section,the author describes and analyzes each affix in terms of semantic features,semantic void,pragmatic functions,cultural components and linguistic memes,so as to prepare for the comparison of affix between the two languages.The second section is a comparison between Chinese and Spanish affixes.Each class of affixes has its own characteristics,so the author divides each class into subclasses,in order to facilitate the comparison of the subclasses of affixes.Then the author compares the affixes of the two languages,and then puts forward the regularity(corresponding affix between the two languages),irregularity(the corresponding term of an affix in the other language is not an affix)and unique phenomena(for some reason,the concept expressed by an affix in one language does not exist in the other language).By comparing the subclasses of affixes of the two languages,the author explains the similarities and differences in the ways of word formation,culture,social realization and mode of thinking.In the third section,the author discusses the reasons for the differences between the affixes of the two languages.The tenth chapter is the conclusion.The author discusses and summarizes the linguistic and cultural differences between the affixes of the two languages from a macroscopic point of view.At the same time,the author puts forward the shortcomings of this study,the areas to be improved and the future research direction. |
