Construction Of Evaluation Indicator System For High School Students’ Physical Ability Based On Core Qualities Of Physical Education And Health Subjects

Since the release of the"General High School Physical Education and Health Curriculum Standards"in 2018,the core competencies of the physical education and health discipline have become key goals and tasks in cultivating contemporary high school students,reflecting the core demand of "what kind of high school students to cultivate." Physical ability,as an important part of the core competencies of physical education and health,guides the goals,content,and tasks of the high school physical education and health curriculum.However,the current evaluation of high school students’ physical ability still has many shortcomings,lacking a comprehensive,operable,and contemporary-needs-adapted evaluation framework.Therefore,based on the theoretical foundations of core competencies and educational evaluation,constructing an evaluation index system for high school students’ physical abilities not only aids in diagnosing,monitoring,guiding,and motivating the development of students’physical abilities and optimizing the quality of the physical education and health curriculum but also responds to the practical issue of having"standards" without the ability to implement them well in school physical education,further promoting the comprehensive cultivation and implementation of core competencies in China’s school physical education and health discipline.This study comprehensively uses various research methods such as literature review,survey,testing,mathematical statistics,and logical analysis.By reviewing literature and interviewing experts,it clarifies and differentiates concepts related to physical ability and analyzes and organizes the guiding ideologies,goals,principles,procedures,and methods for constructing an evaluation index system for high school students’ physical abilities.Preliminary screening of evaluation indicators is achieved through literature keyword extraction combined with high school students’ physiological,psychological,motor development characteristics,and real-life situations.The evaluation index system for high school students’ physical abilities is adjusted and optimized using the Delphi method.The weights and standards of the evaluation indicators at various levels are determined using methods such as AHP,principal component analysis,CRITIC weighting,and percentile method,and their validity and application are tested,further analyzing the development characteristics of high school students’ physical abilities.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)An evaluation indicator structure system based on the core competencies of the physical education and health discipline for high school students’ physical abilities has been constructed.This includes four primary indicators:physical condition,sports cognition,tactics application,and physical education presentation and competition;seventeen secondary indicators;and sixty-nine tertiary indicators.such as Body Mass Index(BMI),spinal posture,and vital capacity.The system features practical effectiveness,comprehensive systematization,developmental inheritance,and operability.(2)A questionnaire was developed to test high school students’ sports cognition,participation in physical education presentations and competitions,and to determine the testing content for physical condition and tactics application,with the reliability and validity of the evaluation index system being tested.The questionnaire showed good discrimination among index items,high consistency with the overall questionnaire,and reliable stability.The tested indices for sports cognition,physical education presentation and competition,physical condition,and tactics application show good structural model fit,convergent validity,and combined reliability and discriminant validity,supporting the initially constructed evaluation index system.(3)The weights of the various indicators of high school students’physical abilities were determined,and the evaluation standards for individual indicators and comprehensive evaluation criteria were established.The importance ranking of the primary indicators is:tactics application(0.361)>physical condition(0.349)>physical education presentation and competition(0.155)>sports cognition(0.135),reflecting the important direction of sports ability development at the high school stage.The evaluation criteria for individual indicators and the 4-level grading comprehensive evaluation criteria were established,which,after backtesting,can accurately reflect and differentiate the levels of high school students’ physical abilities.(4)The characteristics of high school students’ physical abilities show an overall decrease with the advancement in grade levels,with the physical condition and tactics application levels showing a downward trend compared to sports cognition and physical education presentation and competition.The uneven development of specific abilities is evident,with boys showing a declining trend in body shape indicators and an increasing proportion of overweight with age,while the opposite is true for girls.Both boys and girls show poor performance in aspects of physical qualities such as speed,endurance,strength,agility,tactics application,and sports cognition learning,with less frequent participation in physical education presentations and competitions,and low levels of sports proficiency.(5)The evaluation of high school students’physical abilities plays a key role in diagnosing and providing feedback within the physical education system.The educational application of the high school students’ physical ability evaluation index system implies focusing on the reform of physical ability evaluation for high school students,improving the school physical education evaluation system;using evaluation results as a reference,designing differentiated teaching plans;and accurately assisting with digital evaluations,dynamically monitoring the development of students’ physical abilities.