Research On The Work Teams For Poverty Alleviation

This paper focus on the work team for the poverty alleviation,and tries to systematically discuss its historical origin,institutional system,organizational arrangement,operating mechanism and key factors affecting its effectiveness.The work team is the carrier of the state power in the practice field,and the team members are the embodied state.They can overcome the disadvantages of the bureaucratic system and quickly accomplish the state will by integrating forces,gathering resources,and even reshaping the structure of the grass-roots political authority.It is also for this reason that,as a supplement to bureaucratic system,the work team runs through all historical stages of China’s national governance.During the period of targeted poverty alleviation,the work team has once again become the main governance tool to deal with the problem of deep poverty.The work team mechanism in this period not only inherits the characteristics,methods and defects of the past,but also changes to a certain extent,which will have a profound impact on the future.Based on this,this paper takes the poverty alleviation work team and its organizational characteristics as the research object,and conducts a comprehensive and systematic discussion on it.First,we reviewed and compared the work team in various historical periods,so as to clarify the basic characteristics and form a basic understanding of it.Generally speaking,the work team mechanism started from the failure of the hierarchical governance,that is,the wicked problems need to be accomplished through the work team’s integration of resources and attention.Of course,the work team in each period has its own characteristics.Before the reform and open,the work team often relied on political movements to achieve its goals.In other words,the work team,through leading the political movement,deconstructs the traditional social organizations,liberates the individual from the traditional social structure,and brings it into the framework dominated by the state.After the reform and open,the work team rarely used ideology to purge the grass-roots political authority and discipline the people.We have divided the work team in this period into three types,namely,the work team oriented to deal with emergencies,the work team oriented to comprehensive governance and the work team oriented to the promotion of special policies.Obviously,each type aims at completing specific administrative tasks.The reason for the change from political movement to campaign-style governance is that the state-making has been accomplished before the reform and open.At the same time,the period has also promoted the transformation of the state from overall control to technical governance.Secondly,on the basis of a detailed introduction of the targets of targeted poverty alleviation and the way to confirm the results,we discussed the institutional background and practical environment that affected the work team to achieve the goals.Governments at all levels have built a huge target system.At the same time,there is also a rigorous evaluation method for the extent to which the work team has achieved these goals.It can be said that the poverty alleviation indicator system and the evaluation method are the main driving force of the poverty alleviation work team.In addition,the achievement of the goal is also affected by the preset institutional arrangement and the practice environment embedded in the work team.Through the description and analysis of the target system,evaluation methods,system background and practice environment,we have shown the practice of the work team in the period of targeted poverty alleviation in detail.The main contribution of this part of is to systematically accumulate the experience materials of the work team in the period of targeted poverty alleviation.Then,after clarifying the poverty alleviation targets and relevant constraints,we discussed the operation of the poverty alleviation work team and the key factors affecting its effectiveness.The study found that the effectiveness of the work team depends on its organizational structure which we named "hybrid Bureau organizations".This special organizational structure can play a role in gathering resources,collecting information and training cadres,but at the same time,it will also cause management problems such as mission drift,softening of organizational rules and strained personal relations.On this basis,we construct the "organizationindividual" analysis framework to discuss the individual factors that affect the effectiveness of the work team.Specifically,the effectiveness of poverty alleviation is affected by the sending units of the poverty alleviation team members and the poverty alleviation team members themselves.This part of the research has made a certain contribution in theory,that is,the poverty alleviation work team is defined as a " Hybrid Bureaucratic Organizations ".Finally,we discuss the logic of sending poverty alleviation work teams from the theoretical perspective of state-making.The long-standing poverty problem in some parts of China can be seen as a manifestation of the serious lag in the construction of state power in these areas,that is,the state is unable to translate its own will to help the poor into reality,and the dispatch of poverty alleviation work teams is to promote the state-making process in poor areas.During the targeted poverty alleviation,the cadres must go from house to house,contact the poor people,and figure out the situation of the village.They have become the "embodied state",which enables the country adn the society to see each other.In other words,through the presence of the country,the poverty alleviation work team,the poor people and the country have achieved the greatest "mutual understanding" so far,and this has enabled the country to enter the society and the hearts of the masses,both organizationally and conceptually.