| In this thesis, the different methods for extracting of ephedrine and pseudophedrine from Herba Ephedrae were studied. The results showed that the ultrasonic wave method was the best one. Ephedrine and pseudophedrine were extracted by ultrasonic wave method and were determined with HPLC; The industrial solution for extracting ephedrine and pseudophedrine were studied; Inorganic Anions of Herba Ephedrae in different habitats of Xinjiang were determined by Single-Column Ion Chromatography; The essential oil was extracted from Herba Ephedrae by steam distillation. The chemical components of the essential oil were analyzed by GC-MS.In chapter two, comparing the different extraction methods. Ephedrine and pseudophedrine were extracted with four different methods. Ephedrine and pseudophedrine were determined with HPLC. The results showed that the four methods were not good enough, so we improved one method (Soxhlit extraction) and compared with another new method (ultrasonic wave). The result showed that the ultrasonic wave method was the best one. Ultrasonic wave method is accurate, rapid and simple and it can be used for quantitative analysis of Herba Ephedrae.In chapter three, a simultaneous high-performance liquid method for the determination of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in Chinese medicinalherb from different habitats of Xinjiang was established. The CLC phenyl column was used, the mobile phase was acetonitrile and phosphoric acid(0. 1%) , the UV detection wavelength was 215 nm , with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at 40℃. A good linearity was obtained in the range of 0. 041 ~ 0.656 ug (r=0.9999)for ephedrine and 0.044~0. 698ug (r=0.9999) for pseudoephedrine. The average recovery of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine was 97. 77% and 99. 49%, respectively. The method is simple, rapid and with better reproducibility for the determination of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in Herba Ephedrae.In chapter four, the extraction solutions were discussed. The xylene, as a main extraction solution, was used in industry. The toxicity of xylene is strong and it can impair people' health. So we selected another solution, pentanol. Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine were extracted with the two solutions by the same way. Ephedra alkaloids were characterized and determined with HPLC and 'H-NMR. The results showed that the extraction rate of pentanol was better than xylene. In the future, we will find a better solution if pentanol was compounded with other solutions.In chapter five, a method for the detemination of anions in the Herba Ephedrae was investigated. The separation of the anions was achieved on a shim-PACK IC-AI column with mixture solution of 2. 5mmol/L phthalic acid and 2. 4mmol/L tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane as mobile phase, and the detection was performed by a conductivity detection mode. The pretreatment of the samples was through a filter of 0. 45um. The fluoride,chloride, nitrite, bromide, nitrate, and sulfate could be identified with ion chromatography, within 1Omin.The method is simple and useful, and has good linearity with correlation coefficients between 0. 9992 and 0. 9997. The recoveries of anions in the samples were between 94. 5% and 102. 5%.In chapter six the essential oil of Ephedra glauca Regel was analyzed. The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation. The chemical components of the essential oil were analyzed by GC4/IS. Chromatographic conditions were: HP-5 (30m×0.32m ×0. 25Mm) , column temperature 60℃ (2min) 4℃/min 150℃ (2min)5℃/min 250℃ (10min) .temperature of injector :250℃, interface temperature:280℃ , ionization mode:EI, electron energy 70ev, ion source temperature:200℃, mass scan range 30~ 450amu. The 33 components were identified. The study provided basis for using of Ephedra glauca Regel.
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