Influence Of High Speed Centrifugal Shearing Grinding On Breaking And Characteristics Of Ganoderma Lucidum Spores

Ganoderma lucidum is a species of basidiomycetes that belongs to Ganodermataceae of Aphyllophorales. Ganoderma lucidum spores are released by Ganoderma lucidum when it is mature. Studies on the the spores of Ganoderma lucidum have demonstrated that the spores not only inherit all those active ingredients of Ganoderma lucidum , but also have a stronger effect than Ganoderma lucidum. According to statistics, it is about 75 times more than Ganoderma lucidum. However, these effects are closely related to the status of the sporoderm. It has two hard sporoderms, and the sporoderm becomes very hard because of the ingredients of Si(19.01%) and Ca(19.01%) mixed into chitin( the content of chitin is 52.08~ 57.64%). The sporoderm can resist acid and alkali, and it is difficult to be oxidated decomposed. Thus, it restricts absorptivity of the effective ingredients of spores. In order to make full use of the effective ingredients in the spores, it is necessary to break the sporoderm.Using the High Speed Centrifugal Shearing(HSCS) pulverizer, the Ganoderma lucidum spores were ultrafine ground. Several factors such as processing, properties, which affecting the sporoderm-broken ratio were systematically studied. The characteristics of Ganoderma lucidum spores were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR). The main factors that influenced the sporoderm-broken ratio were rotating speed and grinding time. The experiment results showed that the sporoderm-broken ratio improved with the increasing of rotating speed and prolonging of the grinding time. The sporoderm-broken ratio reached 100% when rotating speed was 1600 r/min and grinding time was 60min. The SEM results demonstrated that the sporoderm was ground and the inclusion of the spores eluted in groups.In order to study the effects of sporoderm-broken ratio, the Ultraviolet-visible pectrophotometer was employed to measure and compare the extraction ratio of aqueous solubility polysaccharide between the raw and broken spores. The resultsshowed that the extraction ratio of aqueous solubility polysaccharide was greatly increased by 40.8% after grounding.The Ganoderma lucidum spores were ground, and the inclusion was contacted with the surroundings and easy oxidative deteriorated. To enhance the stability of Ganoderma lucidum spores, the glutin macrocapsules were prepared with spray drying method. The inlet temperature and the content of capsule wall were studied. The results showed the spores powder was finely coated under conditions of inlet temperature 90 °C, glutin content to spores powder 1:2.The Ganoderma lucidum spores can enhance immunity. According to functional testing method of health foods , the Delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) test and Carbon clearance test were chosen to compare the immunity of mice before and after sporoderm-broken. The results indicated that the 1000 mg/kg sporoderm-broken spores could significantly increase immunity of mice.