Application Of Supercritical Fluid Extraction On Removing Plasticizers In Spores Of Ganoderma Lucidum

With a variety of bioactive ingredients,spores of Ganoderma lucidum has the ability to enhance body immunity,and its health care function is far more than the fruit body of G.lucidum.However,spores of G.lucidum are easy to be contaminated with plasticizers during cultivation,collection and processing,which is a very serious threat to public healths.So far,nevertheless,there has neither a research on the removal of plasticizers in food,nor a appropriate method can be used to remove the pht halates in food.But there has early foreign reports about the removal of phthalate plasticizers on plastic products using the technology of supercritical fluid extraction(SFE).In this paper,SFE was tried to be applicated to remove plasticizers on spores of G.lucidum.The feasibility of the method was investiged.Whether the physical properties,quality and storage stability of spores of G.lucidum could be affected by SFE were also be explored.Conclusions were drawn as follows:(1)Three kinds of phthalates,di-iso-butyl phthalate(DIBP),di-n-butyl phthalate(DBP)and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate(DEHP),was contained in the spores of G.lucidum,in which the contents of DBP and DEHP exceeded the national limit value of 40% and 12%,respectively.While SFE could effectively remove this three kind of phthalates and the removal efficiencies even reached up to 100%.(2)The physical properties of reconstituability,color,texture and morphology of spores of G.lucidum could not be affected by SFE.(3)SFE had no effect on the quality of spore s of G.lucidum,but significantly increased the content of triterpenoid and reduced the content of Malondialdehyde(MDA),a kind of harmful substance.No significant difference in polysaccharides content was observed between SFE and control spores.However,the triterpenoid extracts of SFE spores had a 7.45% increase,significantly higher than that in control spores.There was no significant change in SFC(Solid fat content)curve between SFE and control spore oil.After 9 h hydrolysis by porcine pancreatic lipase,the hydrolysis rates of SFE and control spore oil were both up to 70-75%.For both two groups of spore oil,oleic acid,palmitic acid,linoleic acid and stearic acid were the major constituents and the oil unsaturations were up to 75%.It meant that SFE could not affect the fatty acid composition,oil saturation and human body absorption rate of spore oil.Moreover,no trans fatty acids were detected from SFE spore oil.There were also no significant difference of iodine value(65-70 g/100g)and saponification value(180-200 mg/g)between SFE and control spore oil.But the MDA content had a 75% significant decrease,which would significantly improve the quality of spores of G.Lucidum.(4)SFE could not affect the storage stability of spores of G.lucidum,and even to some extent,inhibit the hydrolysis of oil and delay the deterioration of oil oxidation.Firstly,the 40? and 60? accelerated oxidation experiments of G.lucidum spores showed that SFE did not change the storge stability of G.lucidum spores and even reduced the increase rate of acid value during the storage at 60 ? compared to the control spores.Secondly,accelerated oxidation experiments of spore oil of G.lucidum showed that the increase rate of peroxide value of G.lucidum spores treated by SFE was significantly droped 13% during the late stage of storage at 40?,resulting in a 89% decrease of logarithmic increase rate of peroxide value at the whole storage.The increase rate of acid value o f SFE group was significantly decreased(decrease 21%)during the storage at 60?.In summary,SFE could completely remove phthalate plasticizers in spores of G.lucidum without significant physical properties and quality changes,but also increase triterpenoid content,reduce MDA content and improve the storage stability to some extent.Therefore,SFE is a safe and effective method to remove plasticizers in spores of G.lucidum.