Studying On Ecological Carrying Capacity In The Downtown Area Of Chongqing Based On The Idea Of Sustainable Perspective

Ecosystem carrying capacity research is to a focus study in geography, ecology, hydrology, geology, biology and other course at home and abroad in recent years, while the urban ecosystem that is semi-natural ecosystem as under the action of human beings and natural, different from that of natural under the conditions of ecosystem composition, structure and function, is more and more focused by scholars. Chongqing is the largest city in west of China, is developing largest and fastest-growing cities under the fragile ecological environment. There is a typical model significance to study the conditions of Chongqing'ecosystem carrying capacity. This paper, taking the downtown area of Chongqing for the study, to explore its carrying ecosystem status, trends and spatial pattern, specifically include the following:(1) Expounding the status of ecological carrying capacity at home and abroad, making clear that the ecosystem carrying capacity is composed of the resource carrying capacity, environmental capacity and flexibility, and describing the content of the various connotation, role, status and systemic effects. Introducing the natural and social conditions in downtown area of Chongqing ecosystem, defining and interpreting the spatial patterns and characteristics in downtown area of Chongqing from the perspective of geography.(2) Introducing the State-space method to the urban ecosystem carrying capacity evaluation, establishing the index system of ecosystem carrying capacity evaluation accord to the structural characteristics of the ecosystem in downtown area of Chongqing; applying AHP method to confirm the weight of indicators; identifying the indicators ideal value by reference to the status of urban development and the require of ecological urban development at home and abroad.(3) Evaluating on the status of the ecological system in the nine districts in downtown area of Chongqing, the results show that:nine districts'ecosystem are all in the state of overloaded, but the differences is obvious:the mild overload zones of Beibei District and Yubei District are mainly located in the northern of the downtown area of Chongqing; the middle overload zones of Jiangbei District,Nan'an District and Banan District are mainly located in the central and south of the downtown area of Chongqing; while the heavy overload zones are mainly located in the west of the downtown area of Chongqing, including Yuzhong District, Shapingba, Dadukou District and Jiulongpo.(4) Studying the states of the ecological system in the downtown area of Chongqing during from 2000 to 2008. The results show that:the ecosystem of the downtown area is in the state of overloaded during from 2000 to 2008, and the extent of overload is larger increasingly.(5) Studying on the status of ecological system in downtown area of Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and Chongqing city in 2008, the results showed that:Ecological Pressure:Chongqing>Beijing>Tianjin>Shanghai; potential carrying capacity: Shanghai>Tianjin>Beijing>Chongqing. The carrying capacity of ecosystems is the weakest and the pressure of human activity is the greatest in Chongqing.(6) Applying the BP neural network to the ecosystem of downtown a rea of Chongqing during from 2009 to 2020, to predict load conditions, the results showed that: the eco-system of downtown area of Chongqing is divided into three phases during from 2009 to 2020. The potential ecosystem carrying capacity of downtown area of Chongqing is positive after 2019.(7) Putting forward nine policies and proposals to the status of ecosystem downtown area of Chongqing, respectively, that is from the pressure, carrying capacity and flexibility.In this paper, computing the relative carrying capacity of the ecosystem in downtown area of Chongqing, this study still reflect the status of ecosystem in downtown area of Chongqing, give a useful help for the future urban development in Chongqing and macro-planning.