Research On The Wetland Classification And Monitoring Indicator System In Hunan Province

Wetlands, called "the kidney of nature", is one of the ecological landscape rich in biological diversity and one of the most important living environment for human beings, and a distinctive ecologic system of bearing multi-function. Not only does it possess the abundant resources, but also owns the massive function of environment regulating and environmental benefits. All kinds of wetlands play a essential role in the climate regulating, waterhead controlling, flood diversing, silt depositing and land establishing, environment clearing, biological diversity protecting, productive and living resources providing.Hunan Province is the one of the provinces which own the most plentiful-typed wetlands with high quantity. In order to coordinate with the implementation of Hunan Province Wetland Protection Regulations and strengthen the effective protection of wetlands, a integrity and systematic research on dealing with the Hunan Province wetlands was carried on, on the base of the former wetland resources investigations. To divide wetlands into different types is the foundation of the wetland research, which can also decide how to protect and exploit wetlands. And only determination and consummating the wetland monitor indicator system unceasingly, can accurately grasp the situation of wetland protection and the reasonable apply. So, this research is important to protect and exploit the wetlands in Hunan Province.The wetland graduation type taxonomy for Hunan Province was proposed for the first time. The wetlands in Hunan Province were divided into six levels by this system. There were two wetland types in level 1, which were classified by the their origins, eight types in level 2, eleven types in level 3, twenty-two types including thirteen types of natural wetlands and nigh types of man-made wetlands in level 4. Furthermore level 5 and lever 6 were classified for those wetlands with more complex types.The criterion system for wetland eco-system monitoring was worked out. It was divided into three gradations:Target Type, Target Group and Target。According to application, there were ten Target Types, such as Nature basic state of wetland,Social and economical state of wetland,Nature and environment quality of wetland. There were 48 targets in typeⅠ, and 19 targets in typeⅡ,98 inⅢ,43 inⅣ,32 inⅤ,27 inⅥ,20 inⅦ,17 inⅧ,20 inⅨ,60 inⅩ.Based on the wetland monitor indicator system and the Hunan Province wetland taxonomy, a monitor indicator system was proposed creatively in view of different types of wetlands in Hunan Province. According to significance,18 momentous wetlands in Hunan Province were listed to be well monitored. And to the common wetlands, each type of wetlands was entrusted with the corresponding monitor indicator system, according to the type division of Hunan Province wetland taxonomy.