The Quantitative Evaluation Of The Value Of Urban Park Based On CVM And HPM

With the acceleration of urbanization and constant improvement of the people's living standard, the positive effect of city parks on social harmonization, ecological environment improvement and the healthy & sustainable development of the urban economy is becoming increasingly dominant. But because of the traditional economic idea and free opening of parks to the public, people tend to neglect the value of parks. The tremendous ecological value, economic value and social value that city parks bring about are hardly noticed, resulting in inadequate driving power for investing in park construction, and even faulty government decision, unbalanced planning & construction control, and weak public consciousness, which will eventually impact the sustainable development of city park construction. Therefore, the most urgent thing to be done for the development of city park protection, planning & construction is to conduct quantitative evaluation on the value of city parks. Considering such background and actual demand, this article takes Chongqing Shapingba Park as an example and conducts quantitative evaluation research on the value of city parks. Main content and conclusion of the research are as follows:First of all, the values of city parks are categorized into entertainment value and commodity value according to their ecological function, economic function and social function, so as to set up a basic platform for quantitative evaluation on their values.Then general methods for quantitative evaluation on park values are introduced; and the research CVM method and HPM method are selected in accordance with the characteristics of each method as well as the features of park values.Afterwards, we took Chongqing Shapingba Park as an example for individual case analysis, and acquired information through investigation and survey with those two methods. After carrying out questionnaire survey on users of Shapingba Park and selecting characteristic variables of its surrounding residential buildings, we found that the park was playing a positive role, and that most people held correct understanding about park value in various aspects.Specific evaluation was carried out on the basis of analysis on an abundance of essential information: the entertainment value (1.71 million yuan/year) and commodity value (60.93 million yuan/year) of Shapingba Park were quantified respectively using CVM method and HPM method. Through calculating the total value of the park, and comparing it with the investment in construction of the park, it can be seen that the total value of the park has exceeded its construction cost and expenses of its maintenance management. Then related analysis was carried out, which led to the conclusion that the major influencing factors of the users'willingness to pay lie in the using of the park by the users, as well as their individual social & economic background (the use frequency and income level in particular); and that the price of a house around the park mostly depends on whether the park is within sight (if yes, there will be a rise in value of 7.68%) rather than the distance between the park and the house.We can draw from the above demonstration and analysis the conclusion that:â‘ The potential value of city parks is tremendous as their quantified value exceeds the expenses put into construction and management, and the value of a park plays a positive role in the city;â‘¡The value of a park could be quantified through CVM method and HPM method, and it will be much more comprehensive and reliable if those two methods are combined.â‘¢The example of Shapingba Park shows that the value of a park is closely related to the using of the park by the users and their individual social & economic background, as well as visibility of the park. Later, we conducted discussion over the problems we encountered during the whole process of the research, including error of the evaluation, the coincidence condition of values obtained from those two methods, and the improving possibility of the value of parks. After discussion, we are still confident in the prospect of quantitative evaluation on values.