Analysis Of Characters Variation On Pistacia Chinensis Bunge Seedings

Group of Pistacia chinensis Bunge seedlings was used as materials to investigate its population phenology characteristics, biological characteristics and growth characteristics, as was to choose upright crown shape, purely colorful leaves in autumn and fragrant flavor trees for the application of good landscaping plant. Contents of pigments, soluble sugar and nine mineral elements in different color leaves of different trees were measured. The relationship between the leaf color and all chemical components was discussed to further explore the varying discipline of leaves coloration. The releasing dynamics of volatile organic compounds in different trees were determined in order to master the composition and releasing discipline by automatic static headspace and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. Eventually, breeding the good trees which were pure color, fragrance flavor, and further enriched the ornamental tree resources in our country(1) On the basis of the investigation and analysis, different levels of variation in aspects of the crown, leaf, flower, ear, fruit were found. Coefficient of variation of tree height was 15.57%, diameter at breast height was 22.62%, crown was 20.75%. The average CV of leaf, flower, ear and fruit were 24.05%, 29.60%, 30.807%, 10.12%, respectively. Coefficient of variation of fruit characters is smaller than the others and was higher stability. The variation of phenotypic traits is diversity in the group, there was great potential to implement selective breeding.(2) Through systematic observation and comparison, combining with the biological characteristics and morphological characteristics, three gorgeous, pure color groups were selected including yellow department, red department and orange department. It was total 7 trees. There were three groups crown shapes including small round type, big round type and natural sparse layer-type. It was total 10 trees. There were practical significance to effectively conserve, rationally utilize Pistacia chinensis resource, improve the genetic and accelerate the process of improved varieties(3) Dynamic change content of anthocyanin, chlorophyll, carotenoid in different color leaves of different trees were measured in Pistacia chinensis Bunge. The results indicated that annual variation trend of chlorophyll and carotenoid which was declining, rising, and declining was consistent. The dynamic content of anthocyanin was declining and rising. There were three types of anthocyanin content variational trends: smooth, increasing and surging.(4) Dynamic content changes of soluble sugar and nine mineral elements were measured in leaves of different trees. The relationships of soluble sugar and nine mineral elements were discussed with total chlorophyll, carotenoids and anthocyanin contents. The results showed that among nine mineral elements, nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, manganese, zinc had bigger influence on the anthocyanin content. The relationship between phosphorus and total anthocyanin content was prominently positive mutuality; the nitrogen was negative. Soluble sugar positively correlated with anthocyanin content, there were opposite relationships with chlorophyll and carotenoid. Nitrogen was prominently positive correlation with chlorophyll and carotenoid.The content of calcium is higher in macroelements. The content of iron is higher in microelements. Pistacia chinensis maybe the species of tree which was easy to absorb calcium and iron. The highest calcium content in leaves of red department trees was 1.64%, orange department trees was 1.46%, the lowest content calcium of yellow department was 1.44%. The highest iron content in leaves of orange department trees was 505.5μg/g, the lowest iron content of red department trees was 441.22μg/g(5) Volatile organic compound from leaves of Pistacia lentiscus mainly is terpenes, includingβ-cis-ocimene,β-trans-ocimene, D-limonene,α-pinene, 3-carene andβ-myrcene. The main VOCs composition of four different trees which is specific odor is the same, but the relative content of them is different, which resulted in different odor of different trees. The higher relative contents of VOCs from the leaves of NO. 7 contained D-limonene, 3-carene,β-cis-ocimene,β-trans-ocimene which were 8.47 %, 19.90%, 20.41%, 20.67% respectively, the proportions of them were 1.00:2.35:2.41:2.44. The high relative content of VOCs from the leaves of pungent odor NO. 10 tree includedα-pinene,β-cis-ocimene,β-trans-ocimene which t were 6.92%, 20.69%, 42.02%, the proportions of them were 1.00:2.99:6.07. the3-carene content which resulted in smelling aromatic in leaves of NO. 7 tree is the highest, butβ-trans-ocimene content which resulted in smelling pungent odor in leaves of NO. 10 tree is the highest. The daily changes in releasing dynamics of volatile organic compounds were determined. The emissions ofα-pinene, 3-carene andβ-myrcene reached a maximum content at 12 pm in the day,β-cis-ocimene,β-trans-ocimene and D-limonene released to a maximum content at 15 pm in the day. The emissions of terpenes generally reached a maximum content at 15 pm in the day. The content of terpenes was approximately over 70%.(6) The seasonal variation of emiting dynamics of volatile organic compounds were observed. Releasing terpenes were mainly compounds in each season. In the year, the most dynamic trend of releasing terpenes content is in summer,its total is 93.64%. The lowest is in spring, its total is 85.92%. The kinds of terpenes is at most 54 in spring. Yet, there is at least 46 in autumn.The most dynamic trend of releasing ethonals and esters content is in spring,secondly is in autumn,the third is in summer.