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Study On Introduction And High-Yield Cultivation Techniques Of Armeniaca Vulgaris×Siberia In Yulin

Posted on:2009-01-24Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:S C CaoFull Text:PDF
GTID:2143360272965736Subject:Forestry
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Apricot trees in the Yulin region had been planted in past long time, but the native varieties were simplex and low production, poor quality, low economic efficiency. In order to provide excellent variety and high-yield cultivation of supporting technical for sandy area of Yulin, the Long Wang-mao, You-yi, Bai Yu-bian, Yi Wo-feng and Shan-xing were choosed as materials in this experiment. Choosing typical regions to do the experiment. The result of this experiment is as below:1. The common Shan-xing which have abundance root system and grow fast has high appetency with Long Wang-mao, You-yi, Bai Yu-bian and Yi Wo-feng. The advantage of using common Shan-xing as rootstock were not only early grafting but also healing up well. Through different seed treatment methods can be seen autumn seeding had the earliest burgeon, seedlings trees had high growth in height and diameter. There was large number seedlings trees be used as rootstock in the same year. The treatment of sand bed had the highest sprouting rate, but the seedlings diameter and height smaller than seedlings trees of autumn seeding. The seeds emerge later of treatment of 1000mg / L GA had a low sprouting rate and smaller growth.2.The main factors influencing survival percent were planting time and method .In the semiarid region of Yulin area in Shanbei,the best time for planting almond is from the last ten-day of march to the first ten-day of April in springtime. Because of low temperatures and less rainfall, the planting apricot trees in autumn should carry out sand buried to live through the winter. Using ABT3(40~100mg/L) before planting can promote survival percent, early sprout and grow faster.3. The growth curve of apricot root system has three peaks a year. The first peak appeared from the middle ten day of April to the middle ten day of May. After middle May, the fresh root growth become slowly and reach the lowest value at late July. The second peak appeared from late July to early August. The third peak appeared from late August to early October.4. The apricot branches began length growth at early April. The period from early May to late May was the fast growing time. The length growth rate became slow during June and stop at middle August. The time from middle June to the first ten day of July was rapid growth period of breadth. The growth rate of branches was affected by the age of trees, precipitation and air temperature. The branches of young trees grew fast and had high growth. There was no difference between spring branches and autumn branches, but the older trees had this phenomenon. There was no autumn branches at drought Summer. The branches like bouquet had short growth period and little growth.5. The fruit formation period could be divided to three phase. The first was between the last ten day of April to middle May, during this period the fruit grew fast in size and weight. The weight was about 30 percent of the ripe fruit and volume reached 60 percent of the ripe fruit. The stone had no lignification and filled with water miscible substance. The second phase during middle May to early June had poor growth, the stone become hard and the endosperm disappeared. The third phase was after middle June and it was the second rapid growth stage.6. The age of tree was one of the most important factor which influenced flowering branches .With the young trees growing, the short branch ratio and flowering branch quantity increased dramatically. Band girdling or girdling, top removal and top clipping can increase flower quantity , and improve flower bud quality and fruit ratio. The proper time for band girdling or girdling was between middle May to early June. From the bottom of April to late May was the good time for top removal. Different varieties had different top removal times. They also had different top clipping time , form the bottom of July to late August was the best time for Long Wang-mao, Bai Yu-bian and Yi Wo-feng, the proper time for You-yi was from middle August to early September.7. The economic traits of fruits of four variety Armeniaca vulgaris×Siberia of which the Long Wang-mao's was the best. The averages weight of Long Wang-mao's was 20~25 gram, average weight of almond was 3 gram, and natality was 27~30 percent. The averages weight of Yi Wo-feng was 10~15 gram, average weight of almond was 1.9 gram, and natality was 33~35 percent. The averages weight of Bai Yu-bian was 18.4 gram, average weight of almond was 2.6 gram, and natality was 30 percent. The averages weight of You-yi was 9~10 gram, average weight of almond was 0.7~0.75 gram, and natality was 42~43 percent. The average yield of four variety Armeniaca vulgaris×Siberia was 30~60 kilogram per 667 square meter. The order of accumulative total yields in four years of four variety was Long Wang-mao>You-yi>Yi Wo-feng> Bai Yu-bian.
Keywords/Search Tags:almond, high-yield technology, planting
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