The Layout Analysis And Development Strategies Of Flue-cured Tobacco Varieties In Shandong

This study mainly focused on the variety selection in tobacco production. On the basis of investigation and analysis on the status of tobacco production in Shandong, the ecological environment factors and main planting disease epidemic factors for the development of high quality tobacco varieties, the research comprehensively analyzed the main problems and the counter measures for the variety promotion work in the Shandong tobacco production in order to establish the theory and the applied research foundation for the exploration tobacco production in the multi-varieties, the multi-type tobacco leaf production variety layout with a view to promote tobacco production sustained and stable development in Shandong. The research results were as follows.1. As the result of bad climate, the yield of tobacco leaves was low; as the result of the agricultural planting structural adjustment, the increasing of highly effective economic crops, the high tobacco agricultural inputs, the slow benefit promotion steps and so on, the tobacco agricultural production assumed the continual landslide trend. Although recently the problem got a little relieved, the Shandong tobacco sustainable development situation is still facing to the serious challenge.2. To enhance tobacco leaf production per unit area, reduce the volatility of tobacco production, and on the basis of stable and continuous improvement of the tobacco quality improve leaf production and increase farmer'income were currently prominent problems faced with tobacco production in Shandong.3. The selection of planting varieties and proper variety layout were important internal factors for the fluctuant and unstable tobacco production. The serious climatic conditions, viral disease and leaf disease (alternate or at the same time massively popular and so on) were also important internal factors for the low tobacco production, the slow promotion of economic efficiency and the unstable tobacco production.4. From 1999 to 2008, there were 7 varieties, the planting proportions of which were over 5% in Shandong tobacco production. According to the planting proportion, there were Zhongyan 100 (21.66%),NC89 (18.56%),NC82 (16.92%),Yunyan 85 (15.41%),K326 (13.07%) and Zhongyan 98 (6.88%).5. Although NC89 and K326 had the good stability in the production, the planting proportions assumed the obvious dropped performance as the long planting time. Zhongyan 100 had a rapid development and has become the largest planting variety that played an important role in Shandong restorative development of tobacco production. The tobacco production practices proved that the improved variety had the unreplaceable status and function in the tobacco production developing processes.6. The number of varieties used in the area was relatively small. With the alternation of younger and older varieties and evolution of planting proportions, the number of host and matching cultivars has increased and the unitary variety situation has improved. But in fact there are still some objective problems such as a small number of varieties grown, the proportions of the actual planting and the lack of back-up varieties.Combination of these findings and production status, a comprehensive analysis is that: (1) It is advisable to strengthen research and applications of varieties that adapt to the ecological and production conditions in Shandong. Improving the transformation rate of varieties, this most basic agricultural technology, will be an important mission to promote sustained and steady development of Shandong tobacco production. (2) According to different production conditions in tobacco areas, the promoted new varieties should be selected unceasingly, and many varieties should be rationally used with each other to buffer against adverse climatic conditions or the invasion and to stablely improve tobacco production capacity. (3) The suitable planting areas of each host variety should be controlled about 20%. (4) Tests, demonstrations and technological researches for improved varieties and good methods should be strengthened for the excellent new back-up varieties to promote a steady optimization of the rational distribution of variteies.