The Expressions Of Cox-2,P504s,ck34βE12 And P63 In The Tissues Of Prostatic Carcinoma And Their Clinical Significance

Prostatic carcinoma(PC),with the second mortality in carcinoma,is one of the most epidemic male carcinoma in USA.It is a huge challenge to pathologist to diagnose prostatic tumor,especially to judge aspiration-needle biopsy specimen because most of PC can simulate the morphous of innocence corpus glandulosum.It is difficult to find a kind of positive tumor marker which could distinguish explicitly innate and malignant tumour in the histio-pathology diagnosis.Although tumor marker previously found or applicated, such as prostate-specific antigen(PSA),prostatic serum acid phosphatase(PSAP),PR92,PD41,p53 etc,expressed certainly in PC,none of them are served as a tissue diagnosis marker for either they are expressed in both innate and malignant glandular organ or unable to be applicated in common paraffin sections.As a result,many kinds of index above-mentioned only are used as a bolting index applicated in clinic.It is most important that to seek novel,specific tumor marker for the diagnosis,therapy and prognosis of prostatic disease.Cycloxygenase-2(COX-2),the internal oxidation synthetase of prostaglandin,is the rate-limiting enzyme of arachidonic acid to change converting to physiological activity eicosanoids such as prostaglandin, thromboxane and prostacyclin.Although the exact functions of COX-2 in the tumorigenesis and development need to be further identified,it has been reported that the express of COX-2 were up-regulated in many tumor tissues and COX-2 catastaltica has been proved could effectively resist tumor especially colorectal carcinoma.Previous studies indicated that COX-2 was low expressed in normal tissue,benign prostatic hyperplasia and low potential malignant tumor;however it was up-expressed in prostatic intraepithelial and malignant tumor.In the experimental model of PC,the over-express of COX-2 increased the abilities of tumor cells infestation,which induced the over release of the angiogenesis factors and the metabasis of tumor cells.Mounting data indicate that COX-2 could act as an independent marker molecule in the prognosis the recrudescence of PC.Pro-clinic model investigations showed that the high express of COX-2 may promote tumor growth,vascularization and secretion of PSA,as a results it can induce tumor metastasis and enhance its invasiveness.Inhibition of the express of COX-2 in PC-3ML by antisensenucleic acids can slow the growth of tumor and augment the apoptosis of tumor cells.Both of the level of PSA and the express level of COX-2 in preoperative may be regarded as the markers in prognosis of PC.P504S is a kind of new,important tumor marker to PC.It is shown that the sensitivity of monoclonal antibody of P504S was about 97%.P504S was expressed in some specific types of PC,such as notho-hyperplasia PC,post-treatment of hormone and postradiotherapy PC,but not expressed or trace-expressed in latero-carcinoma tissue,AAH,various kinds of innocence change of prostate,such as atrophy,hyperplasy of post-atrophy,basal cell hyperplasia and normal spermary etc.Accordingly,P504S have the merit of high sensitivity and specificity as a positive index in PC diagnosis.p63,which not expressed in most tumor of prostate and similar to ck34βE12,is a kind of marker in basal cell of prostate.The results would be easy judge if combine p63 with p504s because p63 is nucleolus positive staining while p504s is cytoplasm staining.Some researchers have achieved more satisfactory results by detect clinical prostate specimen with mixed different two antibodies of p63 and p504s.It showed that p504s was positively expressed in kytoplasm of most PC,while p63 was negative expressed.The results of benign lesions are opposite to those mentioned above.High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm showed punctiform,plasm expressed p504s, but basal cells showed fortis,homogeneous p63 nucleolus positive express, which is easy to distinguish different carcinoma.Although it is valuable to detect prostatic tissue specimen with the combination of P504s and P63,it is useless in the decrease of false positive and negative.In present study,we detected prostatic tissues with immunohistochemistry methods by combination of COX-2 and P504s, ck34βE12,P63,which obviously enhanced the clinical diagnosis rate of PC.Objective To study the expressions of Cox-2,P504s,ck34pE12 and P63 in the tissues of prostatic carcinoma and their clinical significance.Method The expressions of Cox-2,504s and P63 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 134 cases of tissues embeded in paraffin including normal prostate,benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma.Results Seldom was expression of P504s seen in normal prostate and benign prostatic hyperplasia while CK34PE12 and P63 were well expressed.P504s was well expressed in prostatic carcinoma but CK34βE12 and P63 were not expressed,and the positive rate of P504s was 91.07%.A significant difference was seen between the positive rates of P504s in prostatic carcinoma and normal prostate or benign prostatic hyperplasia(p=0.001).Hardly was expression of COX-2 found in normal prostate while it was shown well expressed in benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatic carcinoma with the positive rates of 4.76%and 80.36%respectively.A significant defference was also seen between the positive rates of COX-2 in prostatic carcinoma and normal prostate or benign prostatic hyperplasia(p=0.0027).There was not direct correlation between the expressions of Cox-2,P504s and clinical features such as ages,clinical stages,differentiation and distal metastasis.But a direct correlation was found between the expressions of Cox-2 and P504s(r=0.377, P=0.039).Conclusions The detection of P504s,P63 and CK34βE12 along with COX-2 are contributed to improve pathological diagnosis accuracy of prostatic carcinoma.